高原设施环境下芹菜上灭蝇胺及其代谢物的残留动态与安全性评价

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0347

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 117-122.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0347

所属专题：植物保护

高原设施环境下芹菜上灭蝇胺及其代谢物的残留动态与安全性评价

代艳娜¹^,²(), 刘青海¹^,²

¹ 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业质量标准与检测研究所，拉萨 850032
² 西藏自治区农畜产品工程技术研究中心，拉萨 850032

收稿日期:2022-05-06 修回日期:2022-09-15 出版日期:2023-04-05 发布日期:2023-03-27
作者简介:
代艳娜，女，1987年出生，河南三门峡人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：农产品质量安全与风险评估。通信地址：850032 拉萨市城关区金珠西路130号，E-mail：1156416369@qq.com。
基金资助:
西藏自治区科技厅自然科学基金项目“灭蝇胺及其代谢物在芹菜上残留降解及安全性评价”(XZ2019ZRG-91); 西藏自治区财政本级农口部门预算项目“农产品质量安全监测”(XZNKYZBS-2022-C-001); 西藏自治区科技厅重点研发与转化项目“西藏设施蔬菜中农药残留动态及迁移规律研究”(XZ201801NB07)

Residue Dynamics and Safety Evaluation of Cyromazine and Its Metabolite Melamine on Celery in Plateau Facility Environment

DAI Yanna¹^,²(), LIU Qinghai¹^,²

¹ Institute of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032
² Tibet Engineering Research Center of Agricultural and Livestock Products, Lhasa 850032

Received:2022-05-06 Revised:2022-09-15 Online:2023-04-05 Published:2023-03-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为评估灭蝇胺在芹菜上使用的安全性，2019—2021年在西藏拉萨市开展75%灭蝇胺可湿性粉剂在芹菜上的残留动态试验与最终残留试验，采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析芹菜上灭蝇胺及其代谢物的残留量，明确其消解规律及半衰期，并对灭蝇胺及其代谢物三聚氰胺的残留量进行安全性评价。结果表明，灭蝇胺在芹菜上的消解符合一级反应动力学方程，半衰期为3.18~3.40 d，属易消解农药。三聚氰胺在芹菜上的残留量先降低后增加，施药2~3 d后三聚氰胺的残留量达到最大值，之后呈现出逐渐降低的趋势，初步回归分析表明，其残留量达到最大值后的消解动态符合一级动力学关系，三聚氰胺在芹菜上的半衰期为5.13~6.24 d。依据GB 2763—2021，灭蝇胺在芹菜上的MRL值为4 mg/kg，75%灭蝇胺可湿性粉剂在芹菜上按照推荐剂量168.75 g a.i./hm²分别施药2次和3次，最后一次施药7 d后，灭蝇胺及其代谢物三聚氰胺不存在较大的超标风险。施用灭蝇胺7 d后采收芹菜安全。

关键词: 西藏, 灭蝇胺, 三聚氰胺, 残留, 安全性评价, 芹菜

Abstract:

To evaluate the safety of cyromazine used on celery, dynamic test and final residual test of 75% cyromazine wettable powder on celery were carried out in Lhasa of Tibet from 2019 to 2021. The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis method was used to analyze the residues of cyromazine and its metabolite melamine in celery. The degradation rule and half-life were clarified, and the safety evaluation of the residual amount of cyromazine and its metabolite melamine were carried out. The results showed that the degradation of cyromazine on celery complied with the first-order reaction kinetics equation, with a half-life of 3.18-3.40 d, which was an easy-to-degrade pesticide. The residual amount of melamine on celery decreased first and then increased. After 2-3 days of cyromazine application, the residual amount of melamine reached the maximum, and then showed a gradual decrease trend over time. The preliminary regression analysis showed that the residual degradation dynamics of melamine was in line with the first-order kinetic relationship after its residual amount reached the maximum in celery, with a half-life of 5.13-6.24 d. According to GB 2763-2021, the maximum residue limit (MRL) value of cyromazine on celery is 4 mg/kg. Under the condition that 75% cyromazine wettable powder is applied twice or three times on celery according to the recommended dose (168.75 g a.i./hm²) and seven days after the last application, cyromazine and its metabolite melamine have no significant risk of exceeding the standard. It is suggested that the safe harvest interval for cyromazine applied to celery should be 7 days．

Key words: Tibet, cyromazine, melamine, residue, safety evaluation, celery

代艳娜, 刘青海. 高原设施环境下芹菜上灭蝇胺及其代谢物的残留动态与安全性评价[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(10): 117-122.

DAI Yanna, LIU Qinghai. Residue Dynamics and Safety Evaluation of Cyromazine and Its Metabolite Melamine on Celery in Plateau Facility Environment[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(10): 117-122.

图/表 7

参考文献 22

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农药剂量	原始沉积量/(mg/kg)	消解曲线	相关系数(r²)	半衰期/d
低浓度	0.375~0.381	C_t=0.3863e^-0.215^t	0.9296~0.9298	3.18~3.27
中浓度	0.680~0.701	C_t=0.9806e^-0.209^t	0.9315~0.9382	3.25~3.40
高浓度	1.190~1.230	C_t=1.1838e^-0.211^t	0.9110~0.9240	3.18~3.36

农药剂量	原始沉积量/(mg/kg)	消解曲线	相关系数(r²)	半衰期/d
低浓度	0.375~0.381	C_t=0.3863e^-0.215^t	0.9296~0.9298	3.18~3.27
中浓度	0.680~0.701	C_t=0.9806e^-0.209^t	0.9315~0.9382	3.25~3.40
高浓度	1.190~1.230	C_t=1.1838e^-0.211^t	0.9110~0.9240	3.18~3.36

农药剂量	原始沉积量/(mg/kg)	消解曲线	相关系数(r²)	半衰期/d
低浓度	0.036~0.037	C_t=0.0449e^-0.112^t	0.6940~0.7121	6.08~6.24
中浓度	0.085~0.087	C_t=0.1398e^-0.134^t	0.9579~0.9754	5.13~5.21
高浓度	0.115~0.125	C_t=0.2400e^-0.131^t	0.9467~0.9520	5.17~5.50

农药剂量	原始沉积量/(mg/kg)	消解曲线	相关系数(r²)	半衰期/d
低浓度	0.036~0.037	C_t=0.0449e^-0.112^t	0.6940~0.7121	6.08~6.24
中浓度	0.085~0.087	C_t=0.1398e^-0.134^t	0.9579~0.9754	5.13~5.21
高浓度	0.115~0.125	C_t=0.2400e^-0.131^t	0.9467~0.9520	5.17~5.50

因子	灭蝇胺		三聚氰胺
因子	F	P	F	P
剂量	2.451	0.105	4.726	0.017
次数	0.075	0.928	2.075	0.148
天数	19.813	0.000	11.678	0.000
剂量×天数	6.994	0.000	4.701	0.000
次数×天数	1.751	0.154	1.942	0.115

高原设施环境下芹菜上灭蝇胺及其代谢物的残留动态与安全性评价

Residue Dynamics and Safety Evaluation of Cyromazine and Its Metabolite Melamine on Celery in Plateau Facility Environment

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喷药次数	灭蝇胺			三聚氰胺
喷药次数	7 d	14 d	21 d	7 d	14 d	21 d
1次	0.154~0.166	0.098~0.113	ND~0.008	0.024~0.031	0.009~0.014	ND~0.005
2次	0.161~0.169	0.086~0.094	0.005~0.008	0.036~0.048	0.015~0.029	ND~0.007
3次	0.175~0.191	0.093~0.113	0.010~0.013	0.046~0.058	0.019~0.036	0.003~0.011

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