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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (21): 151-157.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0708

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同等级河红茶的风味特征研究

李琛1(), 江新凤1(), 曹挥华1, 张贱根1, 余志2, 倪德江2, 董春旺3, 江和源3   

  1. 1 江西省经济作物研究所/江西省茶叶质量与安全控制重点实验室,南昌 330046
    2 华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉 430070
    3 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,杭州 310008
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-22 修回日期:2022-12-13 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 江新凤,男,1985年出生,副研究员,博士,研究方向:茶叶加工及资源利用。通信地址:330046 江西南昌市南昌县黄马乡 江西省经济作物研究所蚕茶办公区,Tel:0791-85023012,E-mail:jiangxinyue003@163.com
  • 作者简介:

    李琛,女,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:茶叶加工方面。通信地址:330046 江西南昌市南昌县黄马乡 江西省经济作物研究所蚕茶办公区,Tel:0791-85023012,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-02); 江西省茶叶质量与安全控制重点实验室茶叶加工课题(20192BCD40007); 江西省技术创新引导类科技计划科技合作专项重点项目“江西工夫红茶标准化加工工艺关键技术及装备研发”(20212BDH80011); 江西省技术创新引导类科技计划科技合作专项重点项目“河红茶标准化加工工艺关键技术及装备研发”(20212BDH80025)

Study on Flavor Characteristics of Hehong Tea in Different Grades

LI Chen1(), JIANG Xinfeng1(), CAO Huihua1, ZHANG Jiangen1, YU Zhi2, NI Dejiang2, DONG Chunwang3, JIANG Heyuan3   

  1. 1 Jiangxi Industrial Crops Institute/ the Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330046
    2 College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070
    3 Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008
  • Received:2022-08-22 Revised:2022-12-13 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-07-24

摘要:

旨在明确河红茶的风味化学特征及其不同等级品质差异。本研究以不同等级的河红茶为试验材料,采用国标法进行茶叶样品感官审评,测定其水浸出物、茶多酚、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、儿茶素组分、茶色素(茶黄素、茶红素和茶褐素)等品质成分的含量,利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对河红茶中香气成分进行分析。结果表明,河红茶香气清鲜持久,滋味鲜醇,汤色橙红明亮,叶底红艳明亮;不同等级河红茶感官品质综合评价表现为河红贡芽(T1、T2)>河红小种(T3、T4)>河红老枞(T5)。不同等级河红茶内含成分差异显著,等级高的红茶茶多酚、氨基酸及儿茶素组分含量都较高,水浸出物含量较低;河红小种一级(T3)的茶黄素、茶红素含量显著高于其他组。不同等级河红茶中的主要挥发性成分为香叶醇、β-芳樟醇、罗勒烯、2-正戊基呋喃、β-紫罗酮等,部分香气物质随等级下降而相对升高,且是河红茶呈现第二类型红茶香气的关键性物质。本研究初步探明了不同等级的河红茶的风味特征差异,为河红茶风味品质调控提供理论依据。

关键词: 河红茶, 感官品质, 香气成分, 滋味成分, 气相色谱-质谱

Abstract:

The study aims to clarify the flavor chemistry characteristics of Hehong tea and the quality differences of different grades. Different grades of Hehong tea were selected as the materials in this study; the sensory evaluation of tea samples was carried out by using the national standard method. The contents of water extract, tea polyphenols, free amino acids, caffeine, catechin, tea pigments (theaflavins, thearubigins and theabrownins) and other quality components were determined. The aroma components in Hehong tea were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that Hehong tea had lasting fresh aroma, mellow taste, bright orange soup color, red and bright leaf bottom. The comprehensive evaluation of sensory quality of different grades of Hehong tea showed that Hehong gongya(T1, T2)>Hehong xiaozhong(T3, T4)>Hehong laocong(T5). There were significant differences in the components of different grades of Hehong tea, the contents of tea polyphenols, free amino acids and catechin components were higher, and the content of water extract was lower in higher grades Hehong tea. The contents of theaflavin and thearubigins were significantly higher in the first grade of Hehong xiaozhong(T3) than that of other groups. The main volatile components of different grades of Hehong tea were geraniol, β-Linalool, Ocimene, 2-Pentylfuran, β-Ionone and so on; some of them increased relatively with the decrease of grade, and were critical for Hehong tea to present the second type of black tea aroma. This study preliminarily proved the differences in flavor characteristics of different grades of Hehong tea, and provided a theoretical basis for the regulation of flavor quality.

Key words: Hehong tea, sensory quality, aroma components, taste components, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry