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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 29-34.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0337

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

铵态氮与硝态氮不同配比对苣荬菜产量与品质的影响

陈芳玲, 王倡宪()   

  1. 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-04 修回日期:2023-11-19 出版日期:2024-04-05 发布日期:2024-04-01
  • 通讯作者:
    王倡宪,女,1974年出生,内蒙古包头人,副教授,博士,主要从事农业资源利用与植物病理方面的教学与科研工作。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    陈芳玲,女,1997年出生,湖南益阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事蔬菜营养方面的研究。

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究面上项目“园艺作物生物菌剂资源的开发研究”(11511299)

Effects of Different Ratios of Ammonium Nitrogen and Nitrate Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of Sonchus arvensis

CHEN Fangling, WANG Changxian()   

  1. College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2023-05-04 Revised:2023-11-19 Published:2024-04-05 Online:2024-04-01

摘要:

为明确NH4+-N与NO3--N不同配比对苣荬菜产量与品质的影响,采用盆栽试验的方法,以蛭石为栽培基质,在供氮总浓度为15 mmol/L的条件下,设置5个NH4+-N与NO3--N配比(100/0、75/25、50/50、25/75、0/100),出苗40 d后收获,测定产量及品质相关指标。结果表明,苣荬菜喜硝,其产量随NO3--N含量增加而增加,全NH4+-N处理产量最低;同时,50/50处理与25/75处理间产量差异不显著,但前者的叶面积、地上部全氮含量、地上部全磷含量分别是后者的1.21、1.15、1.47倍。此外,50/50处理硝酸盐含量、维生素C含量分别是25/75处理的2.23、1.12倍,适当配合NH4+-N可使硝酸盐含量显著降低至生食水平,并使叶绿素含量提高。研究认为,50/50处理可获得较好的产量与品质。

关键词: 苣荬菜, 铵态氮, 硝态氮, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different ratios of NH4+-N and NO3--N on the yield and quality of Sonchus arvensis. Vermiculite was used as cultivation substrate, and total nitrogen concentration was 15 mmol/L. Five ratios of NH4+-N and NO3--N (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100) were designed in the experiment. The 40-day seedlings were harvested, then indexes related to the yield and quality were determined. The results showed that the S. arvensis preferred nitrate, the yield increased along with the increase of NO3--N content, and the yield of plant supplied with only NH4+-N nutrition solution was the lowest. There was no significant difference in yield between 50/50 treatment and 25/75 treatment, but the leaf area, total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content in shoots of 50/50 treatment were 1.21, 1.15 and 1.47 times of 25/75 treatment, respectively. Moreover, the nitrate and Vc contents of 50/50 treatment was 2.23 times and 1.12 times of 25/75 treatment, respectively. However, proper combination NH4+-N with NO3--N could significantly reduce the nitrate content to the level of raw food, and increased the chlorophyll content. The research suggested that 50/50 treatment was better for yield and quality.

Key words: Sonchus arvensis, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, yield, quality