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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (13): 157-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0395

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    

基于SSR标记的钱塘江中下游三角鲂4个放流苗种群体遗传多样性和遗传结构检测

张敏莹(), 方弟安, 周彦锋, 匡箴, 任泷, 郑宇辰, 徐东坡()   

  1. 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡 214081
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-24 修回日期:2023-08-15 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2024-04-28
  • 通讯作者:
    徐东坡,男,1982年出生,江苏姜堰人,研究员,博士,研究方向:渔业资源保护与评估。通信地址:214128 江苏省无锡市滨湖区雪浪街道薛家里69号 淡水渔业研究中心(南区)水生生物资源室,Tel:0510-85559845,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张敏莹,女,1974年出生,湖北应城人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向:渔业资源保护与评估。通信地址:214128 江苏省无锡市滨湖区雪浪街道薛家里69号 淡水渔业研究中心(南区)水生生物资源室,Tel:0510-85390025,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家科技资源共享服务平台项目“国家淡水水产种质资源库”(FGRC18537); 中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目“湖泊生态渔业创新团队”(2020TD61)

Detecting of Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of Four Released Seeding Populations of Triangular Bream (Magalobrama terminalis) in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Qiantang River Based on SSR Marker

ZHANG Minying(), FANG Di’an, ZHOU Yanfeng, KUANG Zhen, REN Long, ZHENG Yuchen, XU Dongpo()   

  1. Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081
  • Received:2023-05-24 Revised:2023-08-15 Published:2024-04-28 Online:2024-04-28

摘要:

为检测钱塘江中下游三角鲂放流苗种群体遗传多样性和遗传结构,采用毛细管电泳基因分型技术,基于9对荧光标记SSR引物对来自4个放流苗种群体的192尾样本进行扩增和基因分型测序。结果表明,各群体单个位点检测到的等位基因数Na均值为(20±2)~(24±2),有效等位基因数Ne均值为(10.76±1.51)~(13.66±1.33),其中余杭群体等位基因数Na和有效等位基因数Ne最大,建德和桐庐群体的这2项指标大体相当;4个群体Shannon’s信息指数I均值为(2.55±0.13)~(2.83±0.09);4个群体观测杂合度Ho均值为(0.83±0.08)~(0.94±0.03),期望杂合度He均值为(0.88±0.02)~(0.92±0.01),绝大多数位点表现出杂合子过剩;余杭、建德、桐庐、富阳各群体的私有等位基因数依次为54、9、15、17个;4个放流三角鲂苗种群体遗传多样性处于较高水平,部分群体出现了杂合子过剩和等位基因丢失现象。分子方差分析显示,98.7%的遗传变异来自群体内的个体间,1.3%遗传变异来自群体间,4个放流群体间遗传分化指数为0.013~0.017,遗传分化很小(0<FST<0.05)。主坐标分析(PCoA)与群体遗传结构分析结果具有一致性,所有个体被分成2个理论类群,但每个类群都包含4个群体的个体,各类群的个体来源没有明显的差异。本研究检测了三角鲂4个放流苗种群体种质遗传现状,以期将来更好地指导三角鲂的增殖放流。

关键词: 三角鲂, 放流苗种, 群体, 微卫星, 遗传多样性, 遗传结构

Abstract:

In order to detect genetic diversity and genetic structure of released populations of triangular bream (Magalobrama terminalis) in the middle and lower reaches of the Qiantang River, in this study, 192 samples from 4 Released seeding populations were amplified and sequenced based on 9 pairs of fluorescence-labeled SSR primers using capillary electrophoresis genotyping technique. The results showed that the average number of alleles (Na) was (20±2)-(24±2) per locus for each population, and the average number of effective alleles (Ne) was (10.76±1.51)-(13.66±1.33). The number of Na and Ne were the largest in Yuhang population, and the two indexes were similar in Jiande and Tonglu population. The average value of Shannon’s index (I) was (2.55±0.13)-(2.83±0.09) for four populations. The average value of observed heterozygosity (Ho) was (0.83±0.08)-(0.94±0.03) and that of expected heterozygosity (He) was (0.88±0.02)-(0.92±0.01), which showed heterozygote excess in most loci for four populations. The number of private alleles of Yuhang, Jiande, Tonglu and Fuyang populations was 54, 9, 15 and 17 respectively. The genetic diversity of the four released populations was relatively high, and some populations showed heterozygote excess and allelic loss. AMOVA analysis showed that 98.7% of genetic variation was between individuals within populations and 1.3% of genetic variation was among populations. The genetic differentiation index was 0.013-0.017, which revealed mild genetic differentiation (0<FST<0.05) among four released populations. Both structure analysis and PCoA analysis got the consistent result, indicating that all individuals could be divided into two genetic clusters. However, each cluster contained individuals from four populations, and there was no significant difference in the individual origin of each cluster. This study detected the germplasm genetic status of four released populations of M. terminalis, which would provide better guidance in the stock enhancement of M. terminalis in the future.

Key words: Magalobrama terminalis, released seeding, population, microsatellites, genetic diversity, genetic structure