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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (20): 99-108.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0663

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

红心猕猴桃黑斑病气象条件分析及其评估模型

石艳1(), 池再香2,3(), 白慧2,3, 许弋4, 李秀亚5, 郑国一6   

  1. 1 贵州省气象台，贵阳 550002
    2 贵州省山地环境气候研究所，贵阳 550002
    3 贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室，贵阳 550002
    4 贵州省人工影响天气办公室，贵阳 550081
    5 贵州省六盘水市农业科学研究院，贵州六盘水 553001
    6 六盘水市农业投资开发有限责任公司，贵州六盘水 553003
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-14 修回日期:2024-03-22 出版日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2024-07-11
  • 通讯作者:
    池再香，女，1964年出生，贵州天柱人，正研级高工，学士，主要从事农业气象服务及科学方面的研究。通信地址：550002 贵州省贵阳市新华路翠微巷9号 贵州省气象局，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    石艳，女，1981年出生，内蒙古人，高级工程师，学士，主要从事决策气象服务方面的工作。通信地址：550002 贵州省贵阳市新华路翠微巷9号 贵州省气象局，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局决策服务专项项目“贵州省突发事件应急保障现场气象服务要点研究”(JCZX2023011); 六盘水市科技计划项目“六盘水红心猕猴桃生育关键期气象灾害风险防控技术集成与示范”(52020—2021—NK—03); 贵州省市科技合作项目“喀斯特山地立体特色农业的气候实验研究”(52020-2015-01-02); 贵州省科技计划项目“喀斯特石漠化植被生态质量变化对气候因子的响应”(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般273); 贵州省气象局创新团队“农业气象服务关键技术研究”(黔气科合TD[2024]06号)

Analysis of Meteorological Conditions and Evaluation Model for Red Cartridge Kiwifruit Black Spot Disease

SHI Yan1(), CHI Zaixiang2,3(), BAI Hui2,3, XU Yi4, LI Xiuya5, ZHENG Guoyi6   

  1. 1 Guizhou Meteorological Observatory, Guiyang 550002
    2 Guizhou Institute of Mountainous Environment and Climate, Guiyang 550002
    3 Guizhou Key Laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources, Guiyang 550002
    4 Weather Modification Office of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550081
    5 Guizhou Liupanshui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Liupanshui, Guizhou 553001
    6 Liupanshui Agricultural Investment Development Co., Ltd, Liupanshui, Guizhou 553003
  • Received:2023-09-14 Revised:2024-03-22 Published:2024-07-15 Online:2024-07-11

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摘要：

本研究基于2020—2022年在贵州米箩等20个红心猕猴桃基地进行的调查，以及同期气象资料分析，探讨了红心猕猴桃黑斑病发生与连阴雨天气的关联性。通过收集5月1日—7月31日逐日平均温度、降水量、平均相对湿度、平均低云量等气象资料，分析该期间连阴雨天气特征，结合黑斑病发生地、发病率，探讨了黑斑病与连阴雨天气的定量关系，确定了红心猕猴桃黑斑病发生的连阴雨天气指标阈值。研究发现，红心猕猴桃黑斑病与品种有较大的关系，且在5—7月红心猕猴桃果实生长期内，当连阴雨天气在15 d及以上，同时日平均温度在20.0℃及以上、日平均相对湿度在90%及以上、日平均低云量在0.90及以上时，红心猕猴桃果实极易感染黑斑病，该指标可以作为红心猕猴桃黑斑病发生的气象预警指标。根据这些发现，研究建立了红心猕猴桃黑斑病气象灾害评估模型，为红心猕猴桃生产开展黑斑病气象评估服务提供科学参考。

关键词: 连阴雨, 温度, 黑斑病, 红心猕猴桃, 气象因素, 预警指标, 气象灾害评估模型

Abstract:

With the continuous expansion of planting scale of kiwifruit in Guizhou, the harm degree of black spot disease of kiwifruit is increasing, and the economic loss is also increasing. This paper analyzed the characteristics of continuous rainy weather in May-July from 2020 to 2022 by using the survey data of 20 red cartridge kiwifruit bases such as Guizhou Miluo and their fruit black spot disease, and the daily average temperature, precipitation, average relative humidity and average low cloud cover during the growth period of red cartridge kiwifruit from May 1 to July 31. The quantitative relationship between black spot disease and continuous rainy weather was discussed according to the occurrence place and incidence of black spot disease, and the threshold of continuous rainy weather was determined. The results showed that black spot disease of red cartridge kiwifruit was closely related to varieties. During the growth period of red cartridge kiwifruit from May to July, when the continuous rainy weather was 15 days and above, the daily average temperature was 20.0℃ and above, the daily average relative humidity was 90% and above, and the daily average low cloud cover was 0.90 and above, black spot disease would definitely occur in red cartridge kiwifruit. This index can be used as a meteorological early warning index for the occurrence of black spot of red cartridge kiwifruit. The meteorological disaster assessment model of red cartridge kiwifruit black spot was established to provide scientific reference for the meteorological assessment service of red cartridge kiwifruit production.

Key words: overcast rainy, temperature, black spot disease, red cartridge kiwifruit, meteorological factors, early warning indicators, meteorological disaster assessment model