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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (15): 15-22.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0870

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

大豆玉米带状复合种植不同田间配置对大豆农艺性状和产量的影响

何昊晨1(), 卫欣茹1, 杨武杰2, 周长安1, 王延玲3, 王梅4, 姚远2, 杨久涛2, 李明丽2, 韩乾5, 刘鑫1()   

  1. 1 山东农业大学，山东泰安 271018
    2 山东省农业农村厅，济南 250013
    3 滕州农业农村局，山东枣庄 277599
    4 肥城市农业农村局，山东泰安 271600
    5 肥城市气象局，山东泰安 271699
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-22 修回日期:2024-03-18 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-05-29
  • 通讯作者:
    刘鑫，男，1987年出生，山东济宁人，副教授，主要从事大豆玉米带状复合种植研究与示范工作。通信地址：271000 山东省泰安市岱宗大街61号，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    何昊晨，男，1999年出生，山东德州人，硕士，主要从事大豆玉米间作种植模式研究工作。通信地址：271000 山东省泰安市岱宗大街61号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划“大豆单产提升关键技术集成与示范”(SDNYXTTG-2023-03); 黄淮玉米大豆复合种植丰产增效技术研发与集成示范“玉米大豆复合种植农机装备研发与应用”(2022YFD2300903)

Effects of Different Field Configurations of Soybean and Maize Strip Intercropping on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybean

HE Haochen1(), WEI Xinru1, YANG Wujie2, ZHOU Chang'an1, WANG Yanling3, WANG Mei4, YAO Yuan2, YANG Jiutao2, LI Mingli2, HAN Qian5, LIU Xin1()   

  1. 1 Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018
    2 Shandong Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250013
    3 Tengzhou Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Zaozhuang, Shandong 277599
    4 Feicheng Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Tai'an, Shandong 271600
    5 Feicheng Meteorological Bureau, Tai'an, Shandong 271699
  • Received:2023-12-22 Revised:2024-03-18 Published:2025-05-25 Online:2025-05-29

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摘要：

在大豆玉米带状复合种植模式中，选择合适的田间配置对提高大豆产量至关重要。本研究旨在探讨大豆玉米带状复合种植模式中不同田间配置对大豆产量的影响。通过设置4种玉米大豆行比配置，分别为2M2S，2M4S，2M6S，3M4S（M代表玉米，S代表大豆）。以单作大豆(SS)、单作玉米(SM)为对照，对间作大豆产量、干物质积累与分配及植株形态等进行了研究，结果表明：各配置玉米产量表现为，SM>2M2S>2M4S>3M4S>2M6S。间作玉米产量较单作玉米降低3.22%~20.23%。间作大豆产量较单作大豆降低40.18%~60.5%。各配置大豆产量由高到低依次为：SS>2M6S>2M4S>3M4S>2M2S。2M6S配置的大豆产量较其他间作配置的大豆增加了18.88%~51.47%。在各间作配置中，随着大豆行数的增加，大豆SPAD、叶面积指数LAI、茎粗均增大，株高降低。2M6S大豆的叶片SPAD含量较其他间作配置的大豆提高了0.55%~7.63%。2M6S配置的大豆叶面积指数LAI较其他间作配置的大豆提高9.02%~69.59%。2M6S配置的大豆茎粗比其他间作配置的大豆提高了4.76%~23.94%。间作大豆相对单作大豆，株高增加17.52%~37.50%，2M2S配置的大豆株高高于其他间作配置。本研究对大豆玉米带状复合种植不同配置下的大豆农艺性状及产量的量化结果，可以为筛选配置提供依据。

关键词: 大豆, 玉米, 复合种植, 田间配置, 农艺性状, 大豆玉米带状复合种植, 产量, 干物质积累与分配, 植株形态

Abstract:

In the banded compound planting pattern of soybean and maize, choosing the suitable field configuration is crucial to improve the soybean yield. In order to further explore the reasonable field configuration of soybean and maize, four types of configurations are set, namely 2M2S, 2M4S, 2M6S, 3M4S (M for corn and S for soybean). Using monoculture soybean (SS) and monoculture corn (SM) as controls, intercropping soybean yield, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and plant morphology were studied. The results showed that the yield of each corn was SM > 2M2S > 2M4S > 3M4S > 2M6S. The yield of intercropping corn was 3.22%-20.23% lower than that of single planting corn. The yield of intercropping soybean was 40.18%-60.5% lower than that of single cropping soybean. The yield of soybean in each configuration from high to low was SS > 2M6S > 2M4S > 3M4S > 2M2S. The yield of soybean in 2M6S configuration increased by 18.88%-51.47% compared with other intercropping configurations. In each intercropping configuration, with the increase of soybean rows, soybean SPAD, leaf area index (LAI) and stem thickness all increased, and the plant height decreased. The leaf SPAD content of 2M6S soybean increased by 0.55% to 7.63% compared with other intercropping configurations. The soybean leaf area index (LAI) of the 2M6S configuration was 9.02%-69.59% higher than that of other intercropping configurations. The soybean stem thickness of the 2M6S configuration was 4.76% to 23.94% higher than that of other intercropping configurations. Compared with monoculture soybean, the plant height increased by 17.52% to 37.50%, and the height of soybean strain in 2M2S configuration was higher than that in other intercropping configurations. The quantitative results of soybean agronomic traits and yields under different configurations of banded compound planting of soybean and maize can provide a basis for screening configurations.

Key words: soybean, corn, compound planting, field configuration, agronomic traits, soybean-maize strip intercropping, yield, dry matter accumulation and partitioning, plant morphology