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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 102-107.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0375

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于优化播期的江汉平原冬小麦种植气象适宜性研究

夏彦1(), 刘凯文2(), 叶佩3, 邓艳君3, 肖潇2, 耿一风3, 吴启侠1   

  1. 1 长江大学农学院,湖北荆州 434025
    2 武汉区域气候中心,武汉 430070
    3 湖北省荆州农业气象试验站,湖北荆州 434025
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-03 修回日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-01-23 发布日期:2025-01-23
  • 通讯作者:
    刘凯文,男,1985年出生,湖北武穴人,副高级工程师,博士,主要从事农业气象灾害防御方面的研究。通信地址:430070 湖北省武汉市洪山区东湖东路3号 湖北省气象局,Tel:027-67847968,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    夏彦,女,1988年出生,湖北黄冈人,硕士研究生,研究方向为资源利用与植物保护。通信地址:430025 湖北省荆州市荆州区荆秘路88号 长江大学农学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    湖北省自然科学基金气象联合基金项目(2022CFD126); 中国气象局创新发展专项项目(CXFZ2024J049)

Study on Meteorological Suitability of Winter Wheat in Jianghan Plain Based on Optimized Sowing Date

XIA Yan1(), LIU Kaiwen2(), YE Pei3, DENG Yanjun3, XIAO Xiao2, GENG Yifeng3, WU Qixia1   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025
    2 Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Wuhan 430070
    3 Jingzhou Agro-meteorology Experiment Station of Hubei Province, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025
  • Received:2024-06-03 Revised:2024-12-20 Published:2025-01-23 Online:2025-01-23

摘要:

为了合理优化江汉平原小麦播种期,提升小麦适应气候变化能力,基于气象适宜度评价模型,对比传统播种期和3种迟播条件下江汉平原小麦的主要发育期温度、降水、日照等气象要素的适宜度,及综合适宜度时空分布特征。结果表明,气候变化提升了小麦温度、降水适宜度,但降低了日照适宜度;适度推迟播种期有助于改善气象适宜度,其中11月11日播种的适宜度最高,其次为11月21日和11月1日,主要表现为小麦拔节期—乳熟期的温度适宜度和降水适宜度升高。与10月21日的传统播期相比,推迟20 d左右播种有利于改善江汉平原地区冬小麦种植的气象适宜性,可降低产量形成期的气象灾害风险。

关键词: 江汉平原, 冬小麦, 播种期, 气象适宜度

Abstract:

In order to optimize wheat sowing date in the Jianghan Plain, enhance the adaptability to climate change, and promote wheat yield and quality, the temporal and spatial characteristics of meteorological suitability in winter wheat were compared based on the meteorological suitability evaluation model. Results showed that, climate change could increase the temperature suitability and precipitation suitability, but reduced that of sunlight. Delaying the sowing date could appropriately improve the meteorological suitability. Among them, November 11th was the best sowing date, next was November 21st and November 1st, by enhancing the temperature and precipitation suitability from the jointing to maturity stage. Compared with the traditional sowing date (October 21st), delaying sowing for about 20 days (November 11th) is beneficial for improving the meteorological suitability in the Jianghan Plain.

Key words: Jianghan Plain, winter wheat, sowing date, meteorological suitability