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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 34-45.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0570

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

番茄种质资源重要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析

葛礼姣(), 仇亮, 王小秋, 翟彩娇, 程玉静(), 刘水东, 宋益民   

  1. 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所,江苏南通 226012
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-09 修回日期:2025-02-20 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-24
  • 通讯作者:
    程玉静,女,1984年出生,河南南阳人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向:特色蔬菜遗传育种与高效栽培。通信地址:226012 江苏省南通市崇川区幸福街道28号 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所,Tel:0513-89111846,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    葛礼姣,女,1996年出生,安徽马鞍山人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向:特色蔬菜遗传育种与高效栽培。通信地址:226012 江苏省南通市崇川区幸福街道28号 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所,Tel:0513-89111850,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2023年度江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所青年科技基金项目“樱桃番茄种质资源引进与鉴定评价”(YJ(2023)005); 2024年南通市科技计划项目“长季节无土栽培樱桃番茄绿色优质高效种植关键技术研究与应用”。

Genetic Diversity of Important Agronomic Traits in Tomato Germplasms

GE Lijiao(), QIU Liang, WANG Xiaoqiu, ZHAI Caijiao, CHENG Yujing(), LIU Shuidong, SONG Yimin   

  1. Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, Jiangsu 226012
  • Received:2024-09-09 Revised:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-25 Online:2025-04-24

摘要:

本研究旨在分析不同番茄种质资源的遗传多样性,并筛选出影响番茄感官品质的重要农艺性状,从而为番茄种质资源的鉴定、评价和创新提供参考依据。研究对72份番茄种质资源的20个主要农艺性状和感官品质展开了遗传多样性分析、感官品质评价、相关性分析、多元线性回归分析、通径分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明,72份番茄种质资源农艺性状遗传多样性指数处于0.59~2.04之间,感官品质综合得分在71.70~84.85之间。株高、节间长、果实横径、单果重、果肉厚和可溶性固形物含量是构成番茄感官品质的重要因素,在主成分1中占有较高载荷。聚类分析将供试材料分为5个类群,第1、2类群番茄品种具有较高感官品质综合得分、株高和节间长;第4、5类群主要为有限生长的矮生番茄种质资源。72份番茄种质资源的表型和感官品质具有丰富的遗传多样性,株高、节间长、果实横径、单果重、果肉厚和可溶性固形物含量是评价番茄表型和感官品质遗传多样性的重要性状。

关键词: 番茄, 农艺性状, 感官品质, 遗传多样性分析, 种质资源评价, 性状评价

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of different tomato germplasms, screen the important agronomic traits that affect the sensory quality of tomato, and provide reference for the identification, evaluation and innovation of tomato germplasms. Genetic diversity analysis, sensory quality evaluation, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, path analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis were performed on 20 main agronomic traits and sensory quality of 72 tomato germplasms. The genetic diversity index of agronomic traits of 72 tomato germplasms ranged from 0.59 to 2.04, and the comprehensive score of sensory quality ranged from 71.70 to 84.85. Plant height, internode length, fruit transverse diameter, single fruit weight, flesh thickness and soluble solid content were important factors for sensory quality of tomato, which had a high load in principal component 1. The test materials were divided into 5 groups by cluster analysis. The tomato varieties in the first and second groups had higher comprehensive scores of sensory quality, plant height, and internode length. The fourth and fifth groups were mainly germplasms of dwarf tomato with limited growth type. The phenotypic and sensory qualities of 72 tomato germplasms showed abundant genetic diversity. Plant height, internode length, fruit transverse diameter, single fruit weight, flesh thickness and soluble solid content are important traits to evaluate the genetic diversity of tomato phenotype and sensory quality.

Key words: tomato, agronomic traits, sensory quality, genetic diversity analysis, germplasm evaluation, trait evaluation