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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (31): 60-71.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0733

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于根袋法的不同木薯品种根际微生态差异研究

赵鑫鑫(), 韦云东, 周时艺, 陈蕊蕊, 李军, 郑华()   

  1. 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所，南宁 530001
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10 修回日期:2025-02-15 出版日期:2025-11-05 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者:
    郑华，男，1983年出生，湖北公安人，正高级农艺师，博士，主要从事木薯水肥管理和根际微生态研究。通信地址：530001 广西南宁市邕武路21号 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所，Tel：0771-2539062，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    赵鑫鑫，女，1997年出生，广西大新人，硕士，研究方向：木薯根际微生态。通信地址：530001 广西南宁市邕武路21号 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所，Tel：0771-2539061，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家木薯产业技术体系土肥水管理岗(CARS-11-GXLJ); 广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项资助项目“木薯高产高效栽培技术团队”(桂农科2021YT150); 广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项“广西木薯根系高效利用土壤钾素的机制研究”(桂农科2023YM121)

Rhizosphere Microecological Difference of Different Cassava Cultivars Based on Root Bag Method

ZHAO Xinxin(), WEI Yundong, ZHOU Shiyi, CHEN Ruirui, LI Jun, ZHENG Hua()   

  1. Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001
  • Received:2024-12-10 Revised:2025-02-15 Published:2025-11-05 Online:2025-11-07

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摘要：

本研究旨在探讨不同木薯品种根际土壤细菌群落的动态变化特征。运用根袋法对‘华南205’(‘SC205’)、‘桂热10号’(‘GR10’)和‘华南9号’(‘SC9’)在种植后39、75、115 d这3个时间节点的根际土壤速效氮(AN)、速效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)含量以及微生物群落差异展开研究。研究结果显示：（1）3个木薯品种的根际土壤速效养分含量在不同采样时间存在显著差异，仅速效钾(AK)含量在种植后39 d时存在品种间的显著性差异。（2）不同木薯品种以及不同采样时期的根际细菌丰富度和多样性均表现出显著性差异，且细菌的丰富度和多样性随着采样时间的推移呈增加趋势。（3）‘SC205’根际土壤在种植后75、115 d时，均富集变形菌门-α-变形菌纲和γ-变形菌纲、拟杆菌门-拟杆菌纲；在种植后39 d时，‘SC205’根际土壤富集γ-变形菌纲；而‘GR10’根际土壤在种植后75、115 d时富集放线菌门。（4）在种植后115 d时，土壤速效磷(AP)、速效氮(AN)含量与变形菌门、拟杆菌门呈正相关关系，与绿弯菌门呈负相关关系；土壤速效钾(AK)含量与放线菌门、髌骨细菌门呈正相关关系，与酸杆菌门、WPS-2呈负相关关系。综上所述，‘SC9’、‘GR10’和‘SC205’根际土壤中的微生物群落以放线菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门等富营养型细菌为主，且3个木薯品种根际细菌的丰富度和多样性存在品种差异并随季节变化。

关键词: 木薯品种, 根际微生物, 高通量测序, 根际养分, 根袋法

Abstract:

In order to investigate the dynamic changes of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities in different cassava cultivars, the contents of available N (AN), available P (AP), available K (AK) and microbial communities in rhizosphere soil of ‘SC205’, ‘GR10’ and ‘SC9’ were studied by root bag method at 39, 75 and 115 days after planting. The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in the content of available nutrients among the three cultivars at different sampling times, with only AK content showing significant differences among cultivars at 39 days after planting. (2) There were significant differences in the richness and diversity of rhizosphere soil bacteria among different cultivars and sampling periods, and the richness and diversity of bacteria increased with the passage of sampling time. (3) The rhizosphere soil of ‘SC205’ was enriched in Proteobacteria-Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidota-Bacteroidia at 75 and 115 days after planting, the rhizosphere soil of ‘SC205’ was enriched in Gammaproteobacteria at 39 days after planting, and the rhizosphere soil of ‘GR10’ was enriched in Actinobacteriota at 75 and 115 days after planting. (4) The contents of AP and AN were positively correlated with the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota, and negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Chloroflexi at 115 days after planting. AK content was positively correlated with the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and Patescibacteria, and negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota and WPS-2 at 115 days after planting. In summary, the microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of ‘SC9’, ‘GR10’ and ‘SC205’ are mainly composed of eutrophic bacteria such as Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Bacteroidota. There are differences in the richness and diversity of rhizosphere bacteria among the three cultivars and seasonal variations.

Key words: cassava cultivars, rhizosphere microorganism, high-throughput sequencing, rhizosphere nutrient, root bag method