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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (14): 47-51.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0014

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

化肥减量配施缓控释肥对单季稻生产和土壤养分的影响

刘永红1(), 谢炜2, 陈翔2, 张泽林1, 倪中应2()   

  1. 1 桐庐县无规定马属动物疫病区管理中心，浙江桐庐 311500
    2 桐庐县农业技术推广中心，浙江桐庐 311500
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-26 修回日期:2025-03-06 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-14
  • 通讯作者:
    倪中应，男，1963年出生，浙江桐庐人，推广研究员，本科，研究方向：土壤肥料。通信地址：311500 浙江省桐庐县迎春南路258号24楼，Tel：0571-89545696，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘永红，女，1985年出生，甘肃渭源人，高级农艺师，硕士，研究方向：农业绿色发展、土壤肥料。通信地址：311500 浙江省桐庐县迎春南路258号22楼，Tel：0571-89545669，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    浙江省杭州市农业科技协作与创新攻关项目(202209SX17); 浙江省桐庐县“511”中青年人才培养计划

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction Combined with Slow (Controlled) Release Fertilizers on Rice Production and Soil Nutrients

LIU Yonghong1(), XIE Wei2, CHEN Xiang2, ZHANG Zelin1, NI Zhongying2()   

  1. 1 Management Center of Unregulated Equine Epidemic Area of Tonglu County, Tonglu, Zhejiang 311500
    2 Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Tonglu County, Tonglu, Zhejiang 311500
  • Received:2024-12-26 Revised:2025-03-06 Published:2025-05-15 Online:2025-05-14

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摘要：

探究不同化肥定额制减量增效施肥模式在浙西中低山丘陵区单季晚稻上的应用效果和对土壤肥力的影响。以水稻品种‘甬优1540’为试验材料，通过设置4个不同的施肥处理开展化肥减量配施缓控释肥试验。结果表明：在化肥总养分减少15.5%的前提下施用缓控释肥(T1)和在化肥总养分减少23.7%的前提下施用缓控释肥+有机肥(T2)较常规施肥(CF)相比，单季稻产量分别提高12.1%和15.8%、肥料偏生产力分别提高32.8%和51.9%、肥料农学利用效率分别提高60.8%和92.3%、利润分别提升25.6%和13.1%。T1和T2施肥模式有效磷、速效钾、有机质含量和pH均显著高于常规施肥(CF)，T2土壤培肥能力和土壤酸化改良能力强于T1。本研究结果可为浙西中低山丘陵区化肥减量增效和农业绿色发展提供技术支撑。

关键词: 化肥减量, 缓控释肥, 有机肥, 单季晚稻, 经济效益

Abstract:

The study aimed to explore the application effects of different fertilization modes for reduction and efficiency with fertilizer quota system on single-cropping late rice and its influence on soil fertility in the mid-low hilly areas of western Zhejiang Province. Using the rice variety ‘Yongyou 1540’ as the experimental material, four different fertilization treatments were set up to carry out the experiment for combined applications of slow (controlled) release fertilizers. The results showed that: under the premise that the total nutrient content of chemical fertilizers was reduced by 15.5%, applying slow (controlled) release fertilizers (T1), and under the premise that the total nutrient content of chemical fertilizers was reduced by 23.7%, applying slow (controlled) release fertilizers combined with organic fertilizers (T2), compared with conventional fertilization (CF), the yields of single-cropping late rice increased by 12.1% and 15.8%, respectively, the partial factor productivity from fertilizers increased by 32.8% and 51.9%, respectively, the agronomic use efficiency of fertilizers increased by 60.8% and 92.3%, respectively, and the profits increased by 25.6% and 13.1%, respectively. The contents of available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter and the pH under the fertilization patterns of T1 and T2 were all significantly higher than those under conventional fertilization (CF). The soil fertility improvement ability and soil acidification improvement ability of T2 were stronger than those of T1. The results of this study could provide technical support for fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase and agricultural green development in the mid-low hilly areas of western Zhejiang Province.

Key words: fertilizer reduction, slow (controlled) release fertilizer, organic fertilizer, single-cropping late rice, economic benefit