模拟深地封闭环境中本氏烟草环境敏感期动态演变与适应性调控规律

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0228

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (27): 135-141.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0228

模拟深地封闭环境中本氏烟草环境敏感期动态演变与适应性调控规律

张钰婧(), 张庆奥, 贺宇欣, 谭霄, 谭博()

深地工程智能建造与健康运维全国重点实验室，四川大学水利水电学院，成都 610065

收稿日期:2025-03-21 修回日期:2025-06-15 出版日期:2025-09-25 发布日期:2025-10-07
通讯作者:
谭博，男，1990年出生，四川成都人，副教授，博士，研究方向：农业水土环境。通信地址：610065 四川省成都市一环路南一段24号四川大学望江校区水利水电学院，Tel：028-85401154，E-mail：tanbo@scu.edu.cn。
作者简介:
张钰婧，女，2004年出生，河南三门峡人，本科，研究方向：农业水土环境与植物生理学。通信地址：610065 四川省成都市一环路南一段24号四川大学望江校区水利水电学院，Tel：028-85401154，E-mail：zyj@stu.scu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项“深地生命体观测与适应性规律研究”(2024ZD1000600); 地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项“深地环境下功能植物的生物响应机制”(2024ZD1000608)

Artificial Simulation of Environmental Factors in Deep Underground Systems: Dynamic Response and Adaptive Regulation of Nicotiana benthamiana During Critical Sensitivity Periods

ZHANG Yujing(), ZHANG Qing’ao, HE Yuxin, TAN Xiao, TAN Bo()

State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065

Received:2025-03-21 Revised:2025-06-15 Published:2025-09-25 Online:2025-10-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究深地封闭环境中植物生长敏感期的动态变化与适应性调控规律，以本氏烟草(Nicotiana benthamiana)为模型，采用L9(3³)正交试验设计调控光照强度(4000~12000 Lux)、温度(20~30℃)和湿度(60%~80% RH)，定量测定株高、叶面积等生长及生理指标，结合主成分分析(PCA)解析环境敏感性特征。结果表明，本氏烟草周期可划分为萌发-快速生长期(1~14 d)、快速生长-稳定期(15~62 d)及稳定-成熟期(63~76 d)；PCA分析显示PC1-PC2累计解释58.6%的变异，其中PC1 (44.90%)主要关联光照强度与叶面积，PC2(13.70%)主要关联土壤氧化还原电位(Eh)与温度。植物在生长初期(1~62 d)对环境高度敏感，尤其对光照和温度响应显著，12000 Lux组日均株高增长量达4.82±0.15 mm，较8000 Lux 组提升17.0%；成熟期(63 d后)转向生理调控主导。第63天为环境依赖型生长向生理调控型生长的敏感转折点。优化的种植条件为20℃~25℃、70%~80% RH、8000~12000 Lux，此条件下植株光合-氮代谢耦合效率最优，叶绿素含量较30℃/60% RH/4000 Lux对照组提升28.3%，氮同化能力提升31.5%。本研究揭示了深地密闭环境下植物的阶段性适应机制，为深地植物种植环境调控与深地农业理论构建提供理论参考。

关键词: 深地环境, 本氏烟草, 环境敏感性, 正交试验, 主成分分析

Abstract:

To investigate the dynamic changes and adaptive control mechanisms of sensitive periods in plants in deep underground environments, Nicotiana benthamiana was used as a model to study its environmental response mechanisms. An orthogonal experimental design was implemented to regulate light intensity (4000-12000 Lux), temperature (20-30℃), and humidity (60-80% RH). Growth and physiological parameters including plant height and leaf area were quantitatively measured, and environmental sensitivity characteristics were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). The cycle of Nicotiana benthamiana could be divided into germination-rapid growth period (1-14 d), rapid growth-stable period (15-62 d) and stable-mature period (63-76 d). PCA analysis showed that PC₁-PC₂ cumulatively explained 58.6% of the variation, of which PC₁ (44.90%) was mainly related to light intensity and leaf area, and PC₂ (13.70%) was mainly related to soil redox potential (Eh) and temperature. Plants were highly sensitive to the environment in the early stage of growth (1-62 d), especially to light and temperature. The average daily plant height growth in the 12000 Lux group was 4.82 ± 0.15 mm, which was 17.0% higher than that in the 8000 Lux group. The environmental sensitivity transition point occurred on day 63^rd, marking a shift from environment-dependent growth to physiology-regulated growth. Optimized cultivation conditions of 20℃-25℃, 70%-80% RH, and 8000-12000 Lux significantly enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and nitrogen assimilation capacity. Under this condition, the photosynthetic-nitrogen metabolism coupling efficiency of the plant was the best, the chlorophyll content was 28.3% higher than that of the 30℃/60% RH/4000 Lux control group, and the nitrogen assimilation capacity was increased by 31.5%. This study revealed plant adaptation mechanisms in extreme environments, providing theoretical insights for environmental regulation in deep subsurface plant cultivation and advancing foundational theories for deep underground agriculture.

Key words: deep underground environment, Nicotiana benthamiana, environmental sensitivity, orthogonal experiment, principal component analysis

张钰婧, 张庆奥, 贺宇欣, 谭霄, 谭博. 模拟深地封闭环境中本氏烟草环境敏感期动态演变与适应性调控规律[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(27): 135-141.

ZHANG Yujing, ZHANG Qing’ao, HE Yuxin, TAN Xiao, TAN Bo. Artificial Simulation of Environmental Factors in Deep Underground Systems: Dynamic Response and Adaptive Regulation of Nicotiana benthamiana During Critical Sensitivity Periods[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(27): 135-141.

图/表 6

试验组	编号	温度/℃	湿度/%	光照强度/Lux
L1	30C60RH4K	30	60	4000
L2	30C70RH8K	30	70	8000
L3	30C80RH12K	30	80	12000
L4	25C60RH8K	25	60	8000
L5	25C70RH12K	25	70	12000
L6	25C80RH4K	25	80	4000
L7	20C60RH12K	20	60	12000
L8	20C70RH4K	20	70	4000
L9	20C80RH8K	20	80	8000

表1. 本氏烟草正交试验设计

图1. 不同生长环境下本氏烟草株高和茎粗随时间的变化规律

图2. 不同生长环境下本氏烟草叶面积随时间的变化规律

图3. 不同生长环境下本氏烟草叶片叶绿体含量和氮含量随时间的变化规律

图4. 试验结果的PCA分析双标图

图5. 本氏烟草的株高(a)、平均叶面积(b)及叶片氮含量(c)在不同生育阶段的动态变化 A：萌发-快速生长期；B：快速生长-稳定期；C：稳定-成熟期

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模拟深地封闭环境中本氏烟草环境敏感期动态演变与适应性调控规律

Artificial Simulation of Environmental Factors in Deep Underground Systems: Dynamic Response and Adaptive Regulation of Nicotiana benthamiana During Critical Sensitivity Periods

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