耐盐碱复合菌系提升玉米幼苗抗逆促生的机制研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0345

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 22-30.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0345

耐盐碱复合菌系提升玉米幼苗抗逆促生的机制研究

李东波¹^,²^,³(), 赵晓宇¹^,⁴, 青格尔¹^,²^,³, 赵文山¹^,²^,³, 韩旭珂¹^,²^,³, 李敏¹^,²^,³, 屈佳伟¹^,²^,³, 马达灵¹^,²^,³, 高聚林¹^,²^,³(), 于晓芳¹^,²^,³()

¹ 内蒙古农业大学农学院，呼和浩特 010010
² 玉米秸秆原位还田微生物内蒙古自治区工程研究中心，呼和浩特 010019
³ 内蒙古自治区作物栽培与遗传改良重点实验室，呼和浩特 010019
⁴ 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院，呼和浩特 010031

收稿日期:2025-05-07 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-30
通讯作者:
高聚林，男，1964年出生，教授，博士，博士生导师，研究方向：寒旱区作物生理生态。通信地址：010019 内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区内蒙古农业大学农学院，Tel：0471-4318142，E-mail：nmgaojulin@163.com；
于晓芳，女，1974年出生，教授，博士，博士生导师，研究方向：寒旱区作物生理生态。通信地址：010019 内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区内蒙古农业大学农学院，Tel：0471-4318142，E-mail：yuxiaofang75@163.com。
作者简介:
李东波，男，1998年出生，硕士，研究方向：寒旱区作物生理生态。通信地址：010019 内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区内蒙古农业大学农学院，Tel：0471-4318142，E-mail：ldb980302@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“东北西部春玉米、大豆轮作轮耕与秸秆促腐培肥全程机械化耕种技术研发”(2023YFD2301801); 国家自然科学基金“玉米秸秆低温高效降解复合菌剂田间促腐机制及微生态效应研究”(32260532); 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“寒旱区玉米秸秆原位促腐还田的微生物学过程与调控机制研究”(2025KYPT0086); 内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划(NJYT25021); 国家玉米产业技术体系蒙西综合试验站(CARS-02-74); 内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(BR251006)

Research on Mechanism of Salt-Tolerant and Alkali-Tolerant Compound Bacterial Strains for Enhancing Stress Resistance and Promoting Growth in Maize Seedlings

LI Dongbo¹^,²^,³(), ZHAO Xiaoyu¹^,⁴, QING Geer¹^,²^,³, ZHAO Wenshan¹^,²^,³, HAN Xuke¹^,²^,³, LI Min¹^,²^,³, QU Jiawei¹^,²^,³, MA Daling¹^,²^,³, GAO Julin¹^,²^,³(), YU Xiaofang¹^,²^,³()

¹ College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010
² Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for In-situ Maize Stalk Returning Microbiology, Hohhot 010019
³ Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Genetic Improvement of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010019
⁴ Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031

Received:2025-05-07 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-03-25 Online:2026-03-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为挖掘北方寒旱区耐盐碱抗逆促生微生物资源，支撑盐碱地农业可持续发展，以稳定的耐盐碱复合菌系GF-S1、GF-S2、GF-S3为材料，以玉米品种‘迪卡159’为供试作物，通过盆栽试验探究盐碱胁迫（土壤pH 9.0、全盐量3.15 g/kg）下复合菌系对玉米幼苗的抗逆促生机制。系统测定不同生育时期（7、14、21、28 d）玉米叶片抗氧化酶（CAT、POD、SOD）活性、渗透调节物质（脯氨酸、MDA）含量及株高、全株鲜重、干重等指标，并进行相关性分析。结果表明：3个复合菌系均能提高玉米叶片的抗氧化酶活性，增加脯氨酸含量，降低丙二醛含量，并提高玉米株高、全株鲜重和全株干重，其中复合菌系GF-S3的抗逆促生效果最好。在第28天，与CK相比，GF-S3的抗氧化酶活性分别提高21.85%、18.64%、18.91%，脯氨酸含量增加18.98%；丙二醛含量降低54.24%；玉米株高、全株鲜重和全株干重分别增加28.27 cm、9.39 g、9.49 g。玉米全株干重与CAT、POD、SOD、游离脯氨酸含量间呈显著正相关(P<0.05)，相关系数分别为0.72、0.73、0.92、0.94；与玉米叶片丙二醛含量间相关性不显著(P>0.05)。盐碱胁迫下外施复合菌系可显著提高玉米抗逆性，促进玉米生长，其中复合菌系GF-S3的抗逆促生效果最佳，该研究为北方寒旱区盐碱地玉米栽培提供了优质微生物资源及理论依据。

关键词: 玉米, 盐碱胁迫, 耐盐碱复合菌系, 复合菌剂, 抗逆促生效应

Abstract:

In order to explore the microbial resources of saline-alkali tolerance, stress resistance and growth promotion in the cold and arid regions of northern China, and to support the sustainable development of agriculture in saline-alkali land, the stable saline-alkali tolerant composite strains GF-S1, GF-S2 and GF-S3 were used as materials, and the maize variety 'Dika 159' was used as the test crop. The mechanism of stress resistance and growth promotion of composite strains on maize seedlings under saline-alkali stress (soil pH 9.0, total salt content 3.15 g/kg) was investigated by pot experiment. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, POD, SOD), the contents of osmotic regulatory substances (proline, MDA), plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of maize leaves at different growth stages (7, 14, 21, 28 d) were determined, and the correlation analysis was carried out. The results indicated that under saline-alkali stress, the composite bacterial strain could all enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity of corn leaves, increase the proline content, reduce the malondialdehyde content, and increase the plant height, total fresh weight and total dry weight of corn. Among them, the stress-resistant promoting effect of the composite bacterial strain GF-S3 was the best. On the 28^th day, compared with CK, the antioxidant enzyme activities of GF-S3 increased by 21.85%, 18.64%, and 18.91% respectively, the proline content increased by 18.98%; the malondialdehyde content decreased by 54.24%; the height of the corn plants, the fresh weight of the whole plant, and the dry weight of the whole plant increased by 28.27 cm, 9.39 g, and 9.49 g respectively. The dry weight of the entire corn plant was significantly positively correlated with CAT, POD, SOD, and free proline content (P<0.05), with correlation coefficients of 0.72, 0.73, 0.92, and 0.94 respectively; there was no significant correlation between the malondialdehyde content of corn leaves and these parameters (P>0.05). Under saline-alkali stress, the application of the composite bacterial strain can significantly enhance the stress resistance of corn and promote its growth. Among them, the composite bacterial strain GF-S3 has the best stress resistance promoting effect. This research provides beneficial microbial resources for stress resistance and growth promotion in the saline-alkali resistant areas of northern cold and arid regions.

Key words: maize, salt and alkali stress, saline-alkali tolerant bacteria strain, compound bacterium agent, stress resistance and growth promotion

李东波, 赵晓宇, 青格尔, 赵文山, 韩旭珂, 李敏, 屈佳伟, 马达灵, 高聚林, 于晓芳. 耐盐碱复合菌系提升玉米幼苗抗逆促生的机制研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2026, 42(6): 22-30.

LI Dongbo, ZHAO Xiaoyu, QING Geer, ZHAO Wenshan, HAN Xuke, LI Min, QU Jiawei, MA Daling, GAO Julin, YU Xiaofang. Research on Mechanism of Salt-Tolerant and Alkali-Tolerant Compound Bacterial Strains for Enhancing Stress Resistance and Promoting Growth in Maize Seedlings[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(6): 22-30.

图/表 11

pH	全盐量/(g/kg)	有机质/(g/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)
9.01	3.15	16.74	5.00	185.11	21.05

表1. 土壤理化指标

复合菌系	菌株	最高盐碱耐受程度
GF-S1	Pseudomonas sp.，Enterobacter sp.，Bacillus stratosphericus	NaCl 11%，pH 10.00
GF-S2	Klebsiella sp.，Bacillus subtilis	NaCl 10%，pH 10.00
GF-S3	Pseudomonas sp.，Enterobacter sp.，Bacillus stratosphericus，Klebsiella sp.，Bacillus subtilis	NaCl 11%，pH 12.00

表2. 复合菌的菌种组成

图1. 不同复合菌系对玉米叶片CAT活性的影响小写字母代表在0.05水平上差异显著，下同

图2. 不同复合菌系对玉米叶片POD活性的影响

图3. 不同复合菌系对玉米叶片SOD活性的影响

图4. 不同复合菌系对玉米叶片MDA含量的影响

图5. 不同复合菌系对玉米叶片游离Pro含量的影响

图6. 不同复合菌系对玉米幼苗株高(HP)的影响

图7. 不同复合菌系对玉米全株鲜重(FWP)的影响

图8. 不同复合菌系对玉米全株干重(DWP)的影响

图9. 玉米农艺性状与抗性相关物质的相关性分析 CAT为过氧化氢酶活性；POD为过氧化物酶活性；SOD为超氧化物歧化酶活性；MDA为丙二醛含量；PRO为脯氨酸含量；HP为株高；FWP为全株鲜重；DWP为全株干重

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耐盐碱复合菌系提升玉米幼苗抗逆促生的机制研究

Research on Mechanism of Salt-Tolerant and Alkali-Tolerant Compound Bacterial Strains for Enhancing Stress Resistance and Promoting Growth in Maize Seedlings

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