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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 163-170.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0373

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定饲料中氯羟吡啶含量的研究

潘斐1,2(), 林雪贤3, 刘振妮2,4, 丁晨红2,4, 王威利1,2()   

  1. 1 广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所, 广州 510640
    2 农业农村部农产品质量安全检测与评价重点实验室, 广州 510640
    3 广东农科监测科技有限公司, 广州 510640
    4 广东省农产品质量安全风险评估重点实验室, 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-13 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-05-15
  • 通讯作者:
    王威利,男,1987年出生,河南周口人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事畜禽产品质量安全研究。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    潘斐,女,1999年出生,广西岑溪人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:农产品及投入品质量安全。通信地址:510640 广东省广州市天河区金颖路20号省农科院创新大楼326,Tel:020-85161406,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    2022年团队启动项目“水产品中药物多残留检测技术研究及应用”(DWJJ-202202); 2023年度质标所所长基金“农兽药残留风险评估实验室建设”(DWJJ-202304)

Rapid Determination of Clopidol in Animal Feed by Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS)

PAN Fei1,2(), LIN Xuexian3, LIU Zhenni2,4, DING Chenhong2,4, WANG Weili1,2()   

  1. 1 Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640
    2 Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640
    3 Guangdong Agricultural Monitoring Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640
    4 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2025-05-13 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-05-15

摘要:

针对现有饲料中氯羟吡啶检测方法灵敏度偏低、前处理繁琐、基质干扰大、低浓度易漏检等问题,为满足饲料中氯羟吡啶精准定量与安全监管需求,本研究旨在建立一种用于快速测定饲料中氯羟吡啶含量的固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-LC-MS/MS)分析方法。以0.2%氨水甲醇溶液提取,碱性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化,C18色谱柱分离,甲酸铵溶液-甲醇梯度洗脱,LC-MS/MS电喷雾正离子模式多反应监测(MRM),基质匹配外标法定量。结果表明:氯羟吡啶在0.2~100 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r2>0.999),方法检出限(LOD)0.05 mg/kg ,定量限(LOD)0.1 mg/kg;在7类代表性饲料中加标回收率90%~102%,相对标准偏差(RSD)1.7%~6.2%。本方法前处理简便、灵敏度高、准确性与重现性好,较国标方法显著提升检测下限与定性可靠性,为饲料中抗球虫药残留监管、风险监测与标准制修订提供关键技术支撑。

关键词: 饲料, 氯羟吡啶, 液相色谱-质谱法, 固相萃取, 抗球虫药, 基质效应

Abstract:

To address the problems of low sensitivity, cumbersome pretreatment, large matrix interference, and easy missed detection of low concentration of clopidol in feed, this study aimed to establish a solid-phase extraction- liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) method for the rapid determination of clopidol content in feed, in order to meet the requirements of accurate quantification and safety supervision. Clopidol in feed samples was extracted using a 0.2% ammonia-methanol solution, purified through an alkaline alumina solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge, and separated on a C18 column with gradient elution using ammonium formate solution and methanol as the mobile phase. Detection was performed by LC-MS/MS in positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) mode, and quantification was conducted using matrix-matched external standard calibration. The results showed that clopidol exhibited a good linearity within the concentration range of 0.2-100 μg/L, with a correlation coefficient (r2) greater than 0.999. The method detection limits (LOD) and quantification limits (LOQ) were 0.05 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively. Method accuracy was evaluated in various types of feed, yielding recoveries of 90%-102%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 7%. This analytical method is simple to perform, highly sensitive, accurate, and reproducible, and significantly improves the detection limit and qualitative reliability compared with the national standard method. It meets the methodological requirements for the determination of clopidol in feed and provides a reliable technical approach for its precise quantification.

Key words: feeds, clopidol, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, solid-phase extraction, anticoccidial drugs, matrix effect

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