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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (20): 172-182.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0506

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

宜宾引种香茅草的精油提取、水乳剂制备及抑菌效果研究

刘星佑1(), 冯晓燕1, 龚月桦1(), 尹礼国2, 周万海1   

  1. 1 宜宾学院农林与食品工程学部, 四川宜宾 644000
    2 宜宾学院固态发酵资源利用四川省重点实验室, 四川宜宾 644000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-21 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-10-25 发布日期:2026-10-26
  • 通讯作者:
    龚月桦,女,1971年出生,四川简阳人,教授,博士,主要从事植物生理与蔬菜引种栽培方面的研究。通信地址:644000 四川省宜宾市三江新区宜宾学院临港校区,Tel:0831-3587829,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    刘星佑,女,2000年出生,四川米易人,在读研究生,研究方向:农学。通信地址:611134 四川省成都市温江区惠民路211号 四川农业大学成都校区,Tel:0812-18782398307,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    宜宾市农委科技创新推广项目“新型优质蔬菜品种的引进及示范推广”(412-0217003401); 宜宾学院“揭榜挂帅”项目(2025XJJB02)

Study on Essential Oil Extraction, Emulsion Preparation, and Antibacterial Activity of Lemongrass Introduced in Yibin

LIU Xingyou1(), FENG Xiaoyan1, GONG Yuehua1(), YIN Liguo2, ZHOU Wanhai1   

  1. 1 Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan 644000
    2 Sichuan Key Laboratory of Solid-state Fermentation Resource Utilization, Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan 644000
  • Received:2025-06-21 Revised:2025-10-11 Published:2026-10-25 Online:2026-10-26

摘要:

为了评价香茅草在四川省宜宾种植的适应性,并为香茅草及精油的开发利用提供参考。以广西香茅为试材,在宜宾栽培并测定其生长指标,采用超声波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提精油,选用Tween-80和Span-80作为表面活性剂,并结合Box-Behnken响应面法优化了水乳剂配方,将制备的精油水乳剂加入PCA培养基,测定了其对空气自然菌落的抑制效果。研究结果表明,在宜宾地区栽培的香茅草表现出优良的生长势,其丛高约1.21 m,冠幅面积约1.2 m2,单丛分蘖数136个,单株鲜重约为1.9 kg。通过优化超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏工艺,在超声90 min,氯化钠浓度为11%,料液比为1:20 g/mL,蒸馏2 h的条件下,香茅精油的提取率为2.58%。GC-MS分析显示,香茅精油中有32种化学成分,其中主要成分为香叶醛(49.38%)、橙花醛(28.06%)、β-月桂烯(8.49%)。通过响应面法优化,当Tween-80与Span-80比例为3:1,复合表面活性剂含量为4.19%,香茅精油含量为9.91%时,所制备的香茅精油水乳剂稳定性最佳。该水乳剂在体积为35 μL/mL(浓度为3.5%)的条件下,对空气中的微生物抑菌率为98.0%。综合来看,本研究证明了香茅草在宜宾地区具有良好的气候适应性,长势良好,精油提取率较高,制备的水乳剂稳定性好,抑菌效果强,为香茅草及精油的资源化利用和产品开发奠定了基础。

关键词: 香茅草, 引种, 超声波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法, 提取率, 水乳剂, 空气微生物, 抑菌率

Abstract:

In order to evaluate the adaptability of lemongrass in Yibin, Sichuan Province, and to provide a reference for the development and utilization of lemongrass and its essential oil, lemongrass from Guangxi was used as the test material and cultivated in Yibin. Growth indicators were measured. The essential oil was extracted using ultrasonic-assisted steam distillation. Tween-80 and Span-80 were selected as surfactants to prepare emulsions in water. The formulation was optimized using the Box-Behnken response surface method. The inhibition rate of the essential oil emulsions in water against natural airborne bacterial colonies was measured by incorporating it into PCA medium. The results showed that lemongrass cultivated in Yibin area had excellent growth potential. The lemongrass had a clump height of approximately 1.21 m, a crown width area of about 1.2 m², 136 tillers per clump, and a fresh weight per plant of about 1.9 kg. Under the conditions of ultrasonication for 90 minutes, a sodium chloride concentration of 11%, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 g/mL, and distillation for 2 hours, the extraction rate of lemongrass essential oil was 2.58%. GC-MS analysis revealed that the essential oil contained 32 chemical components, mainly including geranial (49.38%), neral (28.06%), and β-myrcene (8.49%). When the ratio of Tween-80 to Span-80 was 3:1, the content of the compound surfactant was 4.19%, and the content of lemongrass essential oil was 9.91%, the stability of the prepared lemongrass essential oil aqueous emulsion was optimal. When the volume of the aqueous emulsion was 35 μL/mL (concentration of 3.5%), the inhibition rate against airborne microorganisms was 98.0%. The introduced lemongrass in this experiment is suitable for the climatic conditions of Yibin, grows well, has a relatively high essential oil extraction rate, and the aqueous emulsion exhibits good stability and strong antibacterial effect, laying a foundation for the development and utilization of lemongrass and its essential oil.

Key words: lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), introduction, ultrasound-assisted steam distillation, extraction rate, aqueous emulsion, airborne microorganisms, inhibition rate

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