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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 65-70.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0686

• 生物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

转录因子TGA在植物氮素吸收、转运及同化过程中的研究进展

刘哲洋1,2(), 冯典兴1(), 邹良平1(), 阮孟斌2, 于晓玲2, 李淑霞2, 李文彬2, 赵平娟2   

  1. 1 沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院， 沈阳 110041
    2 中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院， 海南三亚 572000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-16 修回日期:2025-10-10 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通讯作者:
    冯典兴，男，1979年出生，辽宁沈阳人，教授，博士研究生，主要从事植物逆境适应机理与抗逆品种选育。E-mail：；邹良平，男，1976年出生，四川邻水人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事植物营养分子生物学。E-mail：。
    冯典兴，男，1979年出生，辽宁沈阳人，教授，博士研究生，主要从事植物逆境适应机理与抗逆品种选育。E-mail：；邹良平，男，1976年出生，四川邻水人，副研究员，博士研究生，主要从事植物营养分子生物学。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘哲洋，男，2000年出生，贵州遵义人，硕士研究生，研究方向：植物逆境适应机理与抗逆品种选育。通信地址：110041 辽宁省沈阳市大东区望花南街21号 沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    热带作物生物育种全国重点实验室开放课题项目“木薯NO3-:转运蛋白MeNRT2.6的功能及调控”(SKLTCBKF202501); 海南省科技专项“热带作物氮高效利用技术体系构建及应用”(ZDYF2023XDNY179)

Research Progress on Role of Transcription Factor TGA in Nitrogen Absorption, Transport and Assimilation in Plants

LIU Zheyang1,2(), FENG Dianxing1(), ZOU Liangping1(), RUAN Mengbin2, YU Xiaoling2, LI Shuxia2, LI Wenbin2, ZHAO Pingjuan2   

  1. 1 College of Life Science and Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110041
    2 Sanya Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan 572000
  • Received:2025-08-16 Revised:2025-10-10 Published:2026-01-25 Online:2026-01-22

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摘要：

氮是植物生长发育过程中的关键营养元素之一，其吸收、转运与同化过程受到多种转录因子的精确调控。在bZIP转录因子家族中，TGACG基序结合因子(TGA)被证实对植物氮代谢具有核心调控功能。为明确其分子调控路径，本文系统综述了TGA转录因子的分子特征，重点阐述其在植物硝酸盐吸收、根系发育调控、氮同化过程中的核心功能，解析其通过水杨酸(SA)、茉莉酸(JA)/乙烯(ET)、脱落酸(ABA)激素信号通路及氧化还原修饰参与氮素代谢的分子机制。结果显示：（1）TGA转录因子属于bZIP家族D亚科，分5个亚族，在拟南芥、水稻等多种植物中高度保守；（2）通过激活NRT家族基因表达、调控根系发育，正向促进氮吸收与转运，且与NLP7(NIN-like protein 7)等因子形成调控网络；（3）通过激素信号互作与氧化还原修饰，响应低氮等胁迫，维持氮代谢稳态。综上，TGA转录因子是植物氮代谢调控网络的核心节点，通过多途径协同调控氮吸收、转运与同化。未来研究需结合多组学与基因编辑技术，解析TGA器官特异性功能、互作网络及物种差异，为作物氮高效利用的遗传改良提供理论基础与育种策略。

关键词: 氮, 吸收转运, 同化, TGACG基序结合因子(TGA), 激素调控, 氧化还原修饰

Abstract:

Nitrogen is one of the critical nutrient element for plant growth and development, and its uptake, transport, and assimilation are finely regulated by multiple transcription factors. Among the bZIP transcription factor family, the TGACG motif-binding factor (TGA) has been confirmed to play a central regulatory role in plant nitrogen metabolism. To clarify its molecular regulatory pathways, this review systematically summarizes the molecular characteristics of TGA transcription factors, with a focus on their core functions in nitrate uptake, root development regulation, and nitrogen assimilation. We further analyze the molecular mechanisms by which TGA participates in nitrogen metabolism through hormone signaling pathways—including salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene (ET), and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as redox modifications. The results indicate that: (1) TGA transcription factors belong to subfamily D of the bZIP family, and are divided into five subgroups. They are highly conserved in various plants such as Arabidopsis and rice; (2) they positively promote nitrogen uptake and transport by activating the expression of NRT family genes and modulating root development, and form regulatory networks with factors such as NLP7 (NIN-like protein 7); (3) through hormone signaling crosstalk and redox modifications, TGA factors respond to stresses such as low nitrogen and help maintain nitrogen metabolic homeostasis. In summary, TGA transcription factors serve as key nodes in the regulatory network of plant nitrogen metabolism, coordinately regulating nitrogen uptake, transport, and assimilation through multiple pathways. Future studies should integrate multi-omics and gene-editing technologies to elucidate the organ-specific functions, interaction networks, and species-specific variations of TGA, thereby providing a theoretical basis and breeding strategies for improving nitrogen-use efficiency in crops.

Key words: nitrogen, uptake and translocation, assimilation, TGACG motif-binding factor (TGA), hormonal regulation, redox modification