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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 97-105.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0007

• 资源环境生态土壤气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

覆盖处理对枸杞根际微生物群落的影响及关键驱动因子解析

刘祥婷1(), 王晓苹2, 洪自强2, 王文秀1, 郑国琦1, 吴宏亮2, 康建宏2, 杨涓1()   

  1. 1 宁夏大学生命科学学院， 银川 750021
    2 宁夏大学农学院， 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-19 修回日期:2026-05-13 出版日期:2026-09-09 发布日期:2026-09-09
  • 通讯作者:
    杨涓，女，1970年出生，甘肃天水人，教授，硕士，研究方向：植物生物学。通信地址：750021 宁夏回族自治区银川市西夏区贺兰山西路539号 宁夏大学生命科学学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘祥婷，女，1997年出生，安徽马鞍山人，硕士，研究方向：植物生物学。通信地址：750021 宁夏回族自治区银川市西夏区贺兰山西路539号 宁夏大学生命科学学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    宁夏自然科学基金项目“宁夏枸杞果实大小差异基因筛选、克隆及功能验证”(2025AAC030229); 宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目“有机枸杞生境优化与微生态调控植保新模式研究”(2021BEF02007)

Effects of Mulching Treatments on Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of Lycium barbarum L. and Their Key Driving Factors

LIU Xiangting1(), WANG Xiaoping2, HONG Ziqiang2, WANG Wenxiu1, ZHENG Guoqi1, WU Hongliang2, KANG Jianhong2, YANG Juan1()   

  1. 1 School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
    2 School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
  • Received:2026-01-19 Revised:2026-05-13 Published:2026-09-09 Online:2026-09-09

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摘要：

本研究旨在明确不同覆盖方式对枸杞根际微生态的调控效应及其关键驱动因子。试验以10a生‘宁杞1号’为研究对象，设置秸秆覆盖(SM)、园艺地布覆盖(CM)、黑膜覆盖(BM)和生草覆盖(CK)4个处理，测定土壤理化性质、酶活性、微生物量碳氮、微生物数量和群落结构，并进行相关性、冗余和主成分分析，评估不同覆盖方式的效果。结果表明，所有覆盖方式均不同程度改善根际土壤环境，其中SM效果最显著。与CK相比，SM使土壤有机质、湿度分别提高23.23%、22.85%，pH和土壤温度分别降低9.51%、8.32%；脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性提高52.67%~59.84%；微生物量碳、微生物量氮、细菌数量、真菌数量和微生物总数分别提高30.39%、41.25%、30.88%、132.26%和32.61%。SM提高了真菌群落丰富度和多样性，促进功能类群富集；CM和BM亦表现出一定促进作用，但整体效果弱于SM。主成分综合评价表现为：SM>CM>BM>CK。综上，秸秆覆盖能更有效地协调土壤养分、水热条件、酶活性和微生物群落结构，可作为西北干旱区枸杞园根际微生态调控的适宜覆盖方式。

关键词: 枸杞, 覆盖方式, 根际微生物群落, 土壤酶活性, 微生态调控

Abstract:

To clarify the regulatory effects and key driving factors of different mulching practices on rhizosphere microecology in wolfberry, 10-year-old ‘Ningqi No. 1’ plants were used as the experimental material, and 4 treatments were established: straw mulching (SM), horticultural ground fabric mulching (CM), black plastic film mulching (BM), and grass cover (CK). Soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, microbial abundance, and community structure were determined, followed by correlation analysis, redundancy analysis, and principal component analysis. The results showed that all mulching practices improved the rhizosphere soil environment to varying degrees, with SM showing the strongest effect. Compared with CK, SM increased soil organic matter and moisture by 23.23% and 22.85%, respectively, and decreased pH and soil temperature by 9.51% and 8.32%, respectively. The activities of urease, sucrase, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase were increased by 52.67%-59.84%. Microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, bacterial abundance, fungal abundance, and total microbial abundance increased by 30.39%, 41.25%, 30.88%, 132.26%, and 32.61%, respectively. SM also increased fungal community richness and diversity and promoted the enrichment of functional taxa. CM and BM showed certain positive effects, but their overall effects were weaker than that of SM. The comprehensive evaluation based on principal component analysis followed the order of SM>CM>BM>CK. In short, straw mulching can more effectively coordinate soil nutrients, moisture and temperature conditions, enzyme activities, and microbial community structure, and can serve as a suitable mulching practice for rhizosphere micro-ecology regulation in wolfberry orchards in arid regions of northwestern China.

Key words: Lycium barbarum L., mulching practice, rhizosphere microbial communities, soil enzyme activity, micro-ecology regulation

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