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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (22): 13-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15030158

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

吉林蛟河针阔混交林物种组成与结构

魏彦波1,夏富才2,白晓霞3,张立民1,张丽君4,张忠辉5,包广道5   

  1. (1吉林省天然林保护工程管理中心,长春 130022；2北华大学林学院,吉林吉林 132013；3吉林森林工业股份有限公司,长春 130012；4吉林省前郭县林业局,吉林松原 131199；5吉林省林业科学研究院,长春 130033）
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-19 修回日期:2015-06-09 接受日期:2015-06-25 出版日期:2015-08-20 发布日期:2015-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 张忠辉
  • 基金资助:
    林业公益性行业专项经费资助项目“吉林长白山珍贵阔叶树种保育关键技术研究”(201204309)；“十二五”国家科技支撑计划子课题“不同演替阶段针阔混交林生物多样性保护关键技术研究”(2012BAC01B03-2)。

Composition and Community Structure of Mixed Broadleaf-conifer Forest Species in Jiaohe, Jilin Province

Wei Yanbo1, Xia Fucai2, Bai Xiaoxia3, Zhang Limin1, Zhang Lijun4, Zhang Zhonghui5, Bao Guangdao5   

  1. (1Natural Forest Protection Project Management Center, The Forestry Department of Jilin Province, Changchun 130022;2College of Forestry, Beihua University, Jilin Jilin 132013; 3Jilin Forest Industry Co., Ltd, Changchun 130021;4Qianguo Forestry Bureau, Qianguo County, Songyuan Jilin 131199; 5Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Science, Changchun 130033)
  • Received:2015-03-19 Revised:2015-06-09 Accepted:2015-06-25 Online:2015-08-20 Published:2015-08-20

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摘要： 为研究针阔混交林的树种组成和演替规律，在吉林省蛟河林业实验区管理局大坡林场设立了面积为21.84 hm2(420 m×520 m)的长期监测样地，对样地树种组成进行群落学统计，并用角尺度分析优势树种的空间分布格局。样地共有活个体数32268株，不包括分枝的活个体数30310株，隶属于18科28属47种，北温带分布属占主体，属长白山植物区系。径级结构分析表明，胡桃楸、水曲柳、大果榆、春榆、色木槭、裂叶榆、白牛槭、红松等8个物种在样地内占有绝对优势，属于该群落的优势种。水曲柳、胡桃楸呈现近似正态分布，其余优势树种呈现倒“J”形或者“L”型分布，表明样地内树种更新良好。样地所有林木个体呈现聚集分布格局，不同树种以及不同树种在不同发育阶段的格局分布有所不同，红松与胡桃楸所有个体为随机分布，其余优势树种为聚集分布；除了DBH>10 cm的胡桃楸、色木槭以及DBH≤10 cm的红松为随机分布外，其余树种在各径阶均为聚集分布。从树种组成和分布格局可知，蛟河针阔混交林树种丰富、群落处于演替早期阶段，具有较高保护价值。

关键词: 澳洲坚果, 澳洲坚果, 花粉萌发率, 干燥方式, 干燥时间, 保存时间

Abstract: To further analyze research succession and species composition of the mixed forest, a permanent monitoring plot of 21.84 hm2 (420 m× 520 m) in forest region of Dapo Forestry Station of Jiaohe Forestry Experimentation Administrative Bureau was established, in which all trees were sized by diameter breast height (DBH) and mapped. There were 30310 genotype individuals and 32268 individuals with branch, belonging to 47 species, 28 genera and 18 families. The analysis of size-class distribution showed that pioneer species Acer mandshuricum, Juglans mandshurica, Acer mono, Pinus koraiensis, Ulmus macrocarpa, Ulmus japonica, Fraxinus mandschurica and Ulmus laciniata were obviously dominant species. Different species showed different structure types: partial normal, invert “J” distribution or even “L” distribution. The mean neighborhood pattern showed that different species and diameter classes had different spatial distribution patterns. All the individuals among the Pinus Koraiensis and Juglans mandshurica forest were randomly distributed, and other dominant tree species were clumped distributed; the rest were clumped distributed at different DBH classes except the random distribution of the Juglans mandshurica and the Acer mono with DBH above 10 cm and Pinus koraiensis with DBH below 10 cm. According to compositions and distributions of the species, there were abundant species of coniferous and mixed broad-leaved forest in Jiaohe, in addition, the community was at an early stage of succession, which had a high value of protection.