不同施氮水平下沿黄常规粳稻根系生理与强、弱势粒灌浆的关系

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100041

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (26): 15-23.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100041

所属专题：生物技术；水稻

不同施氮水平下沿黄常规粳稻根系生理与强、弱势粒灌浆的关系

付景,王生轩,尹海庆,王越涛,王付华,陈献功,王亚,杨文博,白涛

河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所

收稿日期:2017-10-13 修回日期:2018-07-31 接受日期:2017-12-22 出版日期:2018-09-19 发布日期:2018-09-19
通讯作者: 尹海庆
基金资助:
河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“河南省水稻产业技术创新团队首席专家项目”(S2012-04)；河南省重大科技专项“优质高产水稻新品种选育及配套栽培技术研究与示范”(171100110300)。

The Relationship Between Root Physiology and Grain Filling of Superior and Inferior Spikelets of Conventional Japonica Rice Along Yellow River Under Different Nitrogen Levels

Received:2017-10-13 Revised:2018-07-31 Accepted:2017-12-22 Online:2018-09-19 Published:2018-09-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同施氮水平下沿黄常规粳稻根系生理与强、弱势粒灌浆的关系，以2 个沿黄常规粳稻品种‘郑稻19’和‘郑稻20’为材料，大田种植。设置全生育期不施氮肥、全生育期施氮90、180、270、360 kg/hm2 5 种氮肥水平，观察2 个水稻品种根系生理与强、弱势粒灌浆特性。结果表明，随施氮量增加，2 个水稻品种的产量先显著增加后降低，强弱势粒质量、灌浆速率、最大和平均灌浆速率减小或显著减小，到达最大灌浆速率的时间和活跃灌浆期增加或显著增加。与强势粒相比，弱势粒质量较轻，最大和平均灌浆速率较小，到达最大灌浆速率时间较迟，活跃灌浆期较长。2 个水稻品种的根系氧化力、玉米素+玉米素核苷含量和活跃吸收表面积在花后逐渐降低，下降幅度逐渐增大，随施氮量增加先增加后降低。相关分析表明，强、弱势粒灌浆速率在灌浆前期与以上根系生理性状呈显著或极显著负相关，强势粒的最大和平均灌浆速率与根系生理性状呈显著或极显著负相关，而弱势粒则与之呈显著或极显著正相关。

Abstract: The paper aims at studying the relationship between root physiology and superior and inferior spikelets filling of two conventional japonica rice cultivars under different N levels. Two conventional japonica rice cultivars in region along yellow river,'' Zhengdao 19'' and ''Zhengdao 20'' were used for the study. Five nitrogen (N) levels, no N application and the N rate at 90 kg/ha, 180 kg/ha, 270 kg/ha and at 360 kg/ha were conducted. A field experiment was conducted to observe root physiology and superior and inferior spikelets filling of two japonica rice cultivars under different N levels. The results showed that the yield of two rice cultivars increased first and then decreased significantly with the increase of N application rate, The grain weight, grain filling rate, maximum grain filling rate and average grain filling rate in superior and inferior of two japonica rice cultivars were decreased or significantly decreased with the increase of N application rate, the time to reach the maximum grain filling rate and active filling stage increase or increase significantly with the increase of N application rate. The grain weight of inferior spikelets was lighter, the maximum grain filling rate and average grain filling rate of inferior spikelets were smaller, the time of reaching the maximum grain filling rate was later and the active filling period was longer than the superior spikelets. The root oxidation activity, root zeatin + zeatin riboside content and root active absorption surface area of two japonica rice cultivars decreased and decrease gradually increased after heading, above root physiological characteristics increased first and then decreased. The correlation analysis showed that the grain filling rate of superior and inferior spikelets was significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with above root physiological characteristics at early grain filling stage, the maximum grain filling rate and average grain filling rate of superior spikelets were significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with above root physiological characteristics, while the maximum grain filling rate and average grain filling rate of inferior spikelets were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with above root physiological characteristics.

中图分类号:

S511

付景,王生轩,尹海庆,王越涛,王付华,陈献功,王亚,杨文博,白涛. 不同施氮水平下沿黄常规粳稻根系生理与强、弱势粒灌浆的关系[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(26): 15-23.

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不同施氮水平下沿黄常规粳稻根系生理与强、弱势粒灌浆的关系

The Relationship Between Root Physiology and Grain Filling of Superior and Inferior Spikelets of Conventional Japonica Rice Along Yellow River Under Different Nitrogen Levels

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