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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (28): 61-66.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050055

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

枸杞树不同器官氮磷钾吸收规律及其合理施肥初探

李云翔,赵 营,尹志荣,刘晓彤,罗健航,张学军   

  1. 宁夏农林科学院,宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-12 修回日期:2018-07-11 接受日期:2018-08-13 出版日期:2018-10-11 发布日期:2018-10-11
  • 通讯作者: 赵 营
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏农林科学院科技创新引导项目“枸杞树不同器官氮磷钾养分吸收规律与干物质分配研究”(NKYJ-17-22);宁夏农林科学院先导资金项 目“枸杞品种耐旱节水响应机理与评价”(NKYQ-1501);全产业链创新示范课题“枸杞水肥一体化技术研发与示范”(QCYL-2018-05-03)。

Primary exploration of N, P and K uptake in different organs in wolfberry tree and its rational application rates

李云翔,赵 营,尹志荣,刘晓彤,罗健航 and 张学军   

  • Received:2018-05-12 Revised:2018-07-11 Accepted:2018-08-13 Online:2018-10-11 Published:2018-10-11

摘要: 为探明枸杞不同器官氮磷钾养分吸收规律,并提出合理的化肥用量,以7年生成龄和4年生幼龄‘宁杞1号’枸杞树为研究对象,利用田间试验研究枸杞年生育期内果实、枝条、叶片中氮磷钾养分含量变化动态,探讨枸杞干鲜果产量及氮磷钾累积动态,提出氮磷钾肥的推荐量。结果表明,枸杞果实、枝条和叶片中养分含量都为N>K>P。枝条中全氮、全钾含量呈双峰“M”型变化,叶片中全氮含量动态呈倒“V”型。各器官中氮、钾含量变异较大,而磷含量变幅较小。枸杞夏果、秋果期干鲜果产量及干果氮磷钾累积动态都呈抛物线型变化,7月和10月中旬为果实养分累积高峰期。枸杞干果产量与氮、磷、钾施肥量都服从二次曲线关系,幼龄枸杞树化肥推荐量分别为N 431~510 kg/hm2、P2O5 239~282 kg/hm2、K2O 362~379 kg/hm2。氮和钾是枸杞树各器官重要的营养元素,应在养分需求高峰期施肥补充树体的养分供应。

关键词: 苹果种植区, 苹果种植区, 土壤养分, 养分含量, 土壤肥力现状, 分析

Abstract: The paper aims to uncover the characteristics of N, P and K uptake in different organs in wolfberry tree, and propose the reasonable application rates of chemical fertilizers. As the object of seven-years old tree and four-years young tree of wolfberries ‘Ningqi No.1’, the field experiments were conducted to study on the dynamics of N, P and K contents in fruit, branch and leaf, and investigate the dynamics of dry/fresh fruits yield and N, P and K uptake during the annual growth period in wolfberry tree, and provide the recommended rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The results indicated that nutrients contents in fruit, branch, and leaf in wolfberry tree were N>K>P. Total N and total K contents in branch were changed by double peak of “M” type, and total N contents in leaf were described by inverted “V” type. Total N and total K contents in different organs were in large variation, however, that of total P contents were little changed. Dynamics of dry/fresh fruits yield and N, P and K uptake in wolfberry were changed by the parabolic curves during summer and autumn fruit period, respectively; and the peak periods of nutrients accumulation in fruit were happened in the middle July and October, respectively. Relationships of yield and N, P2O5, K2O application rates were obeyed for quadratic curves, the recommended application rates of chemical fertilizers were N of 431-510 kg/hm2, P2O5 of 239-282 kg/hm2, and K2O of 362-379 kg/hm2 in young wolfberry tree. Therefore, N and K are the important nutrient elements in the different organs in wolfberry tree during the growth period, so as supplemental enough nutrients supplying of tree body by topdressing in the peak of nutrients demand.

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