欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (10): 9-14.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0480

所属专题： 生物技术； 油料作物

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同大豆品种产量与养分吸收差异性研究

蒋龙刚1,2(), 任燕利1,2, 史建硕1,2, 郭丽1,2, 王丽英1,2(), 李若楠1,2, 王平3   

  1. 1河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,石家庄 050051
    2河北省肥料技术创新中心,石家庄 050051
    3河北省农业技术推广总站,石家庄 050000
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-08 修回日期:2021-07-08 出版日期:2022-04-05 发布日期:2022-05-23
  • 通讯作者: 王丽英
  • 作者简介:蒋龙刚,男,1991年出生,河北人,研究实习员,硕士,从事作物养分管理研究。通信地址：050051 河北石家庄新华区和平西路598号中三楼 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,E-mail： 1490768260@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省现代农业产业体系项目“大豆创新团队安全高效生产植保土肥服务岗位”(HBCT2019190205);河北省自然科学基金创新群体研究项目“大豆高产基因挖掘克隆与设计育种”(C2020301020)

The Difference of Yield and Nutrient Absorption of Soybean Varieties

JIANG Longgang1,2(), REN Yanli1,2, SHI Jianshuo1,2, GUO Li1,2, WANG Liying1,2(), LI Ruonan1,2, WANG Ping3   

  1. 1Institute of Agriculture Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051
    2Hebei Fertilizer Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050051
    3Hebei Agricultural Technology Promotion General Station, Shijiazhuang 050000
  • Received:2021-05-08 Revised:2021-07-08 Online:2022-04-05 Published:2022-05-23
  • Contact: WANG Liying

RichHTML

8

PDF (PC)

167

摘要：

当前大豆品种较多,不同品种适宜生长的环境不同。筛选适合养分吸收利用高效品种对黄淮海流域大豆养分高效利用与产业发展具有重要意义。在河北藁城大豆主产区,筛选河北省25个大豆品种为材料,通过田间试验研究不同品种大豆产量与养分吸收差异性。结果表明,不同品种大豆产量间差异较大,产量介于881~4169 kg/hm2,最大产量差异为3288 kg/hm2。同时,不同品种大豆养分吸收利用间差异较大,高产品种籽粒氮、磷、钾平均养分吸收量较中产和低产品种分别显著增加43.9%、39.4%、41.2%和126.0%、124.9%、120.8%,而高产和中产品种每生产100 kg籽粒氮、磷、钾平均养分需求量较低产品种分别显著减少9.8%、17.0%、28.9%和12.3%、16.0%、21.8%。不同大豆品种的产量与养分吸收利用差异明显,产量较高的品种养分吸收利用的能力也较强,在实际生产中选择适宜当地环境的品种,既可增加大豆籽粒产量,又可提高养分吸收利用效率,达到减少肥料投入的目的。

关键词: 大豆, 品种, 产量, 养分吸收, 差异性

Abstract:

At present, there are many soybean varieties, and different varieties have different suitable environment for growth. The selection of high-yield and high-quality summer soybean varieties is of significance to the development of soybean industry and the efficient utilization of soybean nutrients in Huang-Huai-Hai region. Field experiments were conducted by selecting 25 soybean varieties to analyze the difference of soybean yield and nutrient absorption in the main soybean producing area of Gaocheng in Hebei Province. The results showed that the yield of different soybean varieties varied greatly, ranging from 881-4169 kg/hm2, and the maximum yield difference was 3288 kg/hm2. There were great differences in nutrient uptake and utilization among different soybean varieties. Compared with medium-yielding and low-yielding varieties, the average grain uptake amount of N, P, K of high-yielding varieties increased by 43.9%, 39.4%, 41.2% and 126.0%, 124.9%, 120.8%, respectively. The average nutrient requirements of N, P and K per 100 kg grain of high-yielding and medium-yielding varieties were significantly reduced by 9.8%, 17.0%, 28.9% and 12.3%, 16.0%, 21.8% compared with low-yielding varieties, respectively. There were significant differences of yield and nutrient uptake and utilization among different soybean varieties, and the high-yielding soybean varieties had relatively strong ability of nutrient uptake and utilization. The selection of varieties suitable for local environment can increase soybean grain yield and improve nutrient uptake and utilization, and achieve the purpose of reducing fertilizer input and improving utilization efficiency.

Key words: soybean, variety, yield, nutrient absorption, difference

中图分类号: