CO2浓度升高条件下不同氮素水平对小叶章光合特性和生长的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1196

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (17): 44-50.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1196

所属专题：生物技术；园艺

CO₂浓度升高条件下不同氮素水平对小叶章光合特性和生长的影响

王建波¹(), 王继丰¹, 付晓玲¹, 钟海秀¹, 刘赢男¹, 倪红伟²()

¹黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所,哈尔滨 150040
²黑龙江省林业科学院,哈尔滨 150081

收稿日期:2021-12-14 修回日期:2022-02-24 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2022-07-08
通讯作者: 倪红伟
作者简介:王建波,女,1977年出生,黑龙江讷河人,副研究员,博士,研究方向：全球变化生态学和湿地生态学。通信地址：150040 哈尔滨市香坊区哈平路103号自然与生态研究所,Tel：0451-86664562,E-mail： 181923445@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金“三江湿地小叶章群落光合生理生态特性对氮沉降和CO2升高的响应”(30970452);黑龙江省科学院预研项目“三江平原小叶章湿地碳固定与释放对CO2浓度升高的适应机制”(YY2021ZR02);中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZY20B15)

Effects of Different Nitrogen Supply on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Growth of Calamagrostis angustifolia Under Elevated CO₂ Concentration

WANG Jianbo¹(), WANG Jifeng¹, FU Xiaoling¹, ZHONG Haixiu¹, LIU Yingnan¹, NI Hongwei²()

¹Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040
²Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry, Harbin 150081

Received:2021-12-14 Revised:2022-02-24 Online:2022-06-15 Published:2022-07-08
Contact: NI Hongwei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为阐明大气CO₂浓度升高和不同氮素水平对湿地植物光合生理特性和生长的影响,本研究以三江平原湿地优势植物小叶章(Calamagrostis angustifolia)为研究对象,通过野外原位控制试验,利用开顶式气室(OTC)模拟环境大气CO₂浓度变化,设置E₀(380 ±20 µmol/mol)、E₁(550 ±20 μmol/mol)和E₂(700 ± 20 μmol/mol)3个CO₂浓度;在每个OTC内设置 N₀(0 g N/m²)、N₁(4 g N/m²)和N₂(8 g N/m²)3个氮素水平。结果表明,N₀条件下,与E₀处理相比,E₁和E₂处理（72 天）后小叶章叶片净光合速率分别降低11%和12%(P<0.05),其叶片可溶性蛋白含量、氮素含量（CO₂熏蒸72 天）、小叶章株高（CO₂熏蒸86 天）均显著低于E₀处理(P<0.05);N₁条件下,与E₀处理相比,E₁和E₂处理（72 天）后小叶章叶片净光合速率降低5%(P>0.05)和10%(P<0.05),其叶片氮素含量(P<0.05)、小叶章株高均低于E₀处理;N₂条件下,E₁和E₂处理（72 天）小叶章净光合速率均呈稍增加的趋势(P>0.05),其叶片可溶性蛋白含量显著增加(P<0.05),氮素含量和小叶章株高无显著变化(P>0.05)。N₀、N₁和N₂条件下,CO₂浓度升高均显著增加了小叶章叶片可溶性糖含量。本研究表明长期CO₂浓度升高可能通过降低小叶章叶片光合酶活性,进而降低了其净光合速率,而施加高浓度的氮肥可以缓解长期高CO₂浓度对湿地植物光合及生长的负面影响。

关键词: 小叶章, CO₂浓度升高, 氮素, 光合作用

Abstract:

In order to reveal the effects of elevated CO₂ concentration and different nitrogen supply on the photosynthetic characteristics and growth of wetland plants, the marsh predominated with Calamagrostis angustifolia in Sanjiang Plain was studied. A manipulative in situ experiment was performed. Open top chambers (OTCs) were used for the CO₂ concentration treatment in order to model the effects of elevated CO₂ concentration in the atmospheric environment. Three levels of CO₂ concentration, i.e., E₀ (380±20 μmol/mol), E₁ (550±20 μmol/mol) and E₂ (700±20 μmol/mol), and three levels of nitrogen fertilization, i.e., N₀ (0 g N/m² ), N₁ (4 g N/m² ) and N₂(8 g N/m²), were applied in the study. Under treatment N₀, after a long period of elevated CO₂ concentration treatment (72 days), the net photosynthetic rate of C. angustifolia under E₁ and E₂ was reduced by 11% and 12% (P<0.05) respectively compared with that under E₀, and the leaf soluble protein content, nitrogen content (72 days by CO₂ fumigation) and the plant height (86 days by CO₂ fumigation) were all significantly lower than those under E₀ (P<0.05). Under treatment N₁, the net photosynthetic rate of C. angustifolia under E₁and E₂ (72 days) decreased by 5% (P>0.05) and 10% (P<0.05) compared with that under E₀, respectively, and the leaf nitrogen content (P<0.05) and plant height were lower than those under E₀. Under treatment N₂, the net photosynthetic rate of C. angutifolia under E₁and E₂ (72 days) had a slight increase trend (P>0.05), the leaf soluble protein content was significantly enhanced (P<0.05), and the leaf nitrogen content and plant height had no significant change (P>0.05). The elevated CO₂ concentration significantly increased the soluble sugar content in the leaves of C. angustifolia under treatment N₀, N₁ and N₂. Our results indicate that the long-term increase of CO₂ concentration may decrease the net photosynthetic rate of C. angustifolia leaves by reducing the activity of photosynthesis enzyme, and the high-rate application of nitrogen fertilizer can alleviate the negative effects of long-term high CO₂ concentration on photosynthesis and growth of wetland plants.

Key words: Calamagrostis angustifolia, elevated CO₂ concentration, nitrogen, photosynthesis

中图分类号:

S181

王建波, 王继丰, 付晓玲, 钟海秀, 刘赢男, 倪红伟. CO₂浓度升高条件下不同氮素水平对小叶章光合特性和生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(17): 44-50.

WANG Jianbo, WANG Jifeng, FU Xiaoling, ZHONG Haixiu, LIU Yingnan, NI Hongwei. Effects of Different Nitrogen Supply on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Growth of Calamagrostis angustifolia Under Elevated CO₂ Concentration[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(17): 44-50.

图/表 4

参考文献 33

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处理		净光合速率 P_n/[µmol/(m²·s)]	气孔导度 G_s/[mol/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度 C_i/[µmol/(m²·s)]	蒸腾速率 T_r/[(mmol/(m²·s)]
E0	N0	13.91±0.57b	0.20±0.01bc	268.98±8.15a	5.08±0.51b
	N1	14.46±0.88bc	0.22±0.02c	269.98±7.42a	5.19±0.76bc
	N2	14.67±0.71c	0.23±0.01c	273.65±9.29b	5.27±0.35c
E1	N0	12.44±0.21a	0.17±0.01a	270.27±10.93a	4.76±0.25a
	N1	13.72±0.52ab	0.18±0.02a	272.53±11.95ab	4.91±0.34ab
	N2	14.79±0.24c	0.22±0.01c	288.20±7.71c	5.21±0.89bc
E2	N0	12.27±0.61a	0.17±0.01a	279.98±6.05b	4.42±0.97a
	N1	13.03±0.16a	0.19±0.02ab	288.08±6.48c	4.53±0.76a
	N2	14.87±0.67c	0.21±0.02bc	286.38±11.19c	5.25±0.52c

处理		净光合速率 P_n/[µmol/(m²·s)]	气孔导度 G_s/[mol/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度 C_i/[µmol/(m²·s)]	蒸腾速率 T_r/[(mmol/(m²·s)]
E0	N0	13.91±0.57b	0.20±0.01bc	268.98±8.15a	5.08±0.51b
	N1	14.46±0.88bc	0.22±0.02c	269.98±7.42a	5.19±0.76bc
	N2	14.67±0.71c	0.23±0.01c	273.65±9.29b	5.27±0.35c
E1	N0	12.44±0.21a	0.17±0.01a	270.27±10.93a	4.76±0.25a
	N1	13.72±0.52ab	0.18±0.02a	272.53±11.95ab	4.91±0.34ab
	N2	14.79±0.24c	0.22±0.01c	288.20±7.71c	5.21±0.89bc
E2	N0	12.27±0.61a	0.17±0.01a	279.98±6.05b	4.42±0.97a
	N1	13.03±0.16a	0.19±0.02ab	288.08±6.48c	4.53±0.76a
	N2	14.87±0.67c	0.21±0.02bc	286.38±11.19c	5.25±0.52c

CO₂浓度升高条件下不同氮素水平对小叶章光合特性和生长的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Supply on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Growth of Calamagrostis angustifolia Under Elevated CO₂ Concentration

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