竖管通气对覆盖栽培雷竹生长的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0155

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

探究竖管通气对覆盖栽培条件下雷竹生长的影响，为雷竹林集约化经营提供更为科学合理的技术。本试验共设置4个处理:不覆盖不通气(CK)、不覆盖通气(A)、覆盖不通气(M)、覆盖通气(MA)，分析各处理的土壤氧气浓度、土壤矿质元素以及雷竹根系活力、光合参数等指标，探究通气对集约经营雷竹林生长及立地条件的影响。与不覆盖处理(CK)相比，覆盖处理(M)显著增加了土壤表层的有机质、全氮、全磷等的含量，而覆盖加通气处理(MA)则促进了土壤有机质、全氮、全磷等物质的分解；在0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~30 cm、30~40 cm的各土层中，覆盖通气处理(MA)下的土壤氧气含量比覆盖处理(M)分别提高了：26.19%、28.36%、30.77%、26.92%(P<0.05)。MA处理下的雷竹根系活力比M处理增加了57.16%(P<0.05)，叶片净光合速率增加了49.47%(P<0.05)。竖管通气显著改善了雷竹林因长期覆盖经营而引起的土壤缺氧、雷竹根系生长不良、净光合速率降低等问题。

关键词: 雷竹, 集约经营, 通气, 土壤理化性质, 光合, 根系

Abstract:

The aims are to explore the effect of vertical pipe aeration on the growth of Phyllostachys violascens under mulching, and provide scientific technologies for the intensive management of P. violascens forests. Four treatments were set up in this experiment: no mulching and no aeration (CK), aeration and no mulching (A), mulching and no aeration (M), and mulching with aeration (MA). The soil oxygen concentration, soil mineral elements, and root vitality and photosynthetic parameters of P. violascens under each treatment were analyzed respectively to explore the effect of aeration on the growth and site conditions of intensively managed P. violascens forests. Compared with the no mulching and no aeration (CK), the mulching and no aeration treatment (M) significantly increased the content of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of the soil surface. The mulching with aeration treatment (MA) promoted the decomposition of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other substances. In the soil layers of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm, the soil oxygen content under MA treatment was higher than that under M treatment by 26.19%, 28.36%, 30.77 % and 26.92%, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with M treatment, the root vitality of P. violascens under MA treatment increased by 57.16% (P<0.05), and the net photosynthetic rate of leaves increased by 49.47% (P<0.05). Vertical pipe aeration significantly addressed the issues of soil oxygen deficit, poor growth of the root system, and reduced net photosynthetic rate of P. violascens forest caused by long-term mulching management.

Key words: Phyllostachys violascens, intensive management, aeration, soil physical and chemical properties, photosynthesis, root system

朱令, 邓世鑫, 雷璐嘉, 桂仁意. 竖管通气对覆盖栽培雷竹生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(5): 55-62.

ZHU Ling, DENG Shixin, LEI Lujia, GUI Renyi. Effect of Vertical Pipe Aeration on Phyllostachys violascens Growth Under Mulching[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(5): 55-62.

图/表 9

参考文献 45

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处理	不同土层土壤氧气浓度/%
处理	0~10cm	10~20cm	20~30cm	30~40cm
CK	20.6±0.4a	20.04±0.47a	18.44±0.29b	17.57±0.37b
M	16.23±0.43b	15.16±0.49b	14.30±0.23c	14.04±0.66c
A	20.71±0.23a	20.20±0.32a	19.57±0.31a	18.60±0.27a
MA	20.48±0.53a	19.46±0.64a	18.70±0.38b	17.82±0.32ab

处理	不同土层土壤氧气浓度/%
处理	0~10cm	10~20cm	20~30cm	30~40cm
CK	20.6±0.4a	20.04±0.47a	18.44±0.29b	17.57±0.37b
M	16.23±0.43b	15.16±0.49b	14.30±0.23c	14.04±0.66c
A	20.71±0.23a	20.20±0.32a	19.57±0.31a	18.60±0.27a
MA	20.48±0.53a	19.46±0.64a	18.70±0.38b	17.82±0.32ab

处理	不同土层土壤有机质/(g/kg)
处理	0~10cm	10~20cm	20~30cm	30~40cm
CK	29.98±2.24b	25.65±4.06a	19.66±2.81a	14.55±2.01a
M	39.01±0.89a	30.39±2.26a	23.45±2.66a	11.18±1.70a
A	25.85±3.8b	25.29±4.57a	24.72±3.61a	12.23±1.30a
MA	30.81±0.94b	26.99±2.55a	22.71±4.01a	7.95±0.81a

处理	不同土层土壤有机质/(g/kg)
处理	0~10cm	10~20cm	20~30cm	30~40cm
CK	29.98±2.24b	25.65±4.06a	19.66±2.81a	14.55±2.01a
M	39.01±0.89a	30.39±2.26a	23.45±2.66a	11.18±1.70a
A	25.85±3.8b	25.29±4.57a	24.72±3.61a	12.23±1.30a
MA	30.81±0.94b	26.99±2.55a	22.71±4.01a	7.95±0.81a

处理	不同土层土壤全氮/(g/kg)
处理	0~10cm	10~20cm	20~30cm	30~40cm
CK	1.51±0.23b	1.3±0.12b	1.26±0.03a	1.34±0.15a
M	2.28±0.15a	2.17±0.33a	1.37±0.10a	1.34±0.12a
A	1.44±0.16b	1.26±0.24b	1.16±0.14a	1.28±0.13a
MA	1.78±0.15ab	1.75±0.11ab	1.31±0.13a	1.34±0.14a