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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (28): 112-118.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0744

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物炭-椰糠栽培基质特性及其对香蕉组培苗生长的影响

刘丹妮1,2(), 陈伟盛2, 黄连喜2, 刘忠珍2, 王艳红2, 魏岚2()   

  1. 1 仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院，广州 510225
    2 农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-08 修回日期:2024-09-02 出版日期:2024-10-05 发布日期:2024-09-29
  • 通讯作者:
    魏岚，女，1981年出生，浙江湖州人，研究员，博士，研究方向：土壤污染修复与治理。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区五山金颖路66号 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所炭基新材料与应用研究室，Tel：020-85161402，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    刘丹妮，女，2001年出生，广东肇庆人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向：土壤污染修复与治理。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区五山金颖路66号 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所炭基新材料与应用研究室，Tel：020-85161402，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    广东省农业农村厅2023年省级农业科技创新及推广项目“香蕉菠萝产业技术体系创新团队”(2023KJ109); 江门市科学技术局“生物炭对蕉园土壤和香蕉生长的影响效应及机制”(2020030103030008571); 广东省农业科学院“广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心”(XTXM202204); 广东省农业农村厅2022年广东省省级涉农项目“江门市菜地化肥减施增效与有机肥替代技术试验示范”(107000068-2022-0000176609); 广西壮族自治区科学技术厅“粤桂有色金属矿区重金属污染土壤生物-钝化改良剂—联合修复治理技术研究与示范”(2022GXNSFDA080008)

The Characteristics of Biochar-Coco Coir Substrate and Application in Banana Tissue Culture Seedling

LIU Danni1,2(), CHEN Weisheng2, HUANG Lianxi2, LIU Zhongzhen2, WANG Yanhong2, WEI Lan2()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225
    2 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2023-11-08 Revised:2024-09-02 Published:2024-10-05 Online:2024-09-29

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摘要：

为筛选出适用的香蕉组培苗栽培基质，开展以生物炭为主要物料的栽培基质研究。采用单因素方差分析方法，以‘中蕉8号’为香蕉组培苗，椰糠、铁粉和生物炭为基质材料，通过在椰糠中添加系列体积比的生物炭(2%、5%、10%、20%、50%)及铁粉，设置7个处理，于2022年在广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所的试验基地开展盆栽试验。结果显示，添加生物炭对椰糠的大部分性状没有产生显著影响，但同时添加铁粉大幅降低了基质有效磷含量。生物炭添加低于20%时，香蕉植株地上部干物质量显著增加了3.5%~193.8%，地下部干物质量显著增加了22.2%~39.8%，植株氮含量显著提高了5.0%~182.9%（B10I除外）、钾含量显著提高了7.1%~178.1%，说明添加生物炭改善了香蕉组培苗的氮素和钾素营养。生物炭添加量高于20%，尽管对基质的性状没有显著影响，但抑制香蕉植株生长。同时添加铁粉，大幅降低了基质有效磷含量，也抑制了植株的生长。综合比较，在椰糠中添加2%~10%体积比的生物炭适用于香蕉组培苗栽培，具有推广应用前景。

关键词: 椰糠, 生物炭, 香蕉组培苗, 栽培基质

Abstract:

In order to screen suitable substrates for cultivation of banana tissue culture seedlings, research on cultivation substrates using biochar as the main material was carried out. Statistical methods were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. In this study, a series of biochar by volume (2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 50%) and iron powder were added to coconut coir and then were used to plant the banana tissue culture seedlings. Potting trials were conducted in 2022 at the trial base of the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Factors including the changes of matrix traits, plant growth and development, and NPK nutritional status during the seedling growth were monitored in order to screen out the proportion of biochar added to coconut coir. The results showed that the addition of biochar had no significant effect on most of the properties of coconut bran, but the addition of iron powder significantly reduced the content of the matrix available phosphorus. When the volume ratio of biochar added into coco coir was less than 20%, the dry matter of stems of banana seedlings significantly increased by 3.5%-193.8% and roots of banana seedlings significantly increased by 22.2%-39.8%, and the nitrogen and potassium content of seedlings significantly increased by 5.0%-182.9% (except for B10I) and 7.1%-178.1%, which might indicate that the addition of biochar improved the nitrogen and potassium nutrition of banana tissue culture seedlings. However, adding more than 20% biochar in coconut coir inhibited the growth of banana seedlings though no significant effect on the properties of the substrate was detected. Furthermore, adding iron powder together with biochar into coconut coir greatly reduced the content of available phosphorus in the substrate and thereby inhibited the growth of the plant. In conclusion, the addition of 2%-10% volume ratio of biochar in coconut coir was suitable for the cultivation of banana tissue culture seedlings, and had a broad application prospect.

Key words: coconut coir, biochar, banana tissue culture seedling, culture medium