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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (33): 53-60.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0771

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

抗坏血酸提高棉花种子萌发耐盐性及其生理机制

徐建伟1(), 闫紫欣1, 朱金成1,2, 茹思博1, 刘文红3, 李志博1()   

  1. 1 石河子大学农学院/新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子 832000
    2 新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子 832000
    3 石河子大学资产管理处,新疆石河子 832000
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-09 修回日期:2024-01-15 出版日期:2024-11-23 发布日期:2024-11-23
  • 通讯作者:
    李志博,男,1978年出生,甘肃镇原人,正高级实验师,研究方向:棉花新品种选育及抗逆生理、分子生物学。通信地址:832003 新疆石河子市北四路221号,石河子大学农学院,Tel:18909936335,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    徐建伟,男,1976年出生,甘肃临夏人,副教授,研究方向:棉花新品种选育及抗逆生理。通信地址:832003 新疆石河子市北四路221号,石河子大学农学院,Tel:18097586650,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团科技特派员创新创业项目“第三师广适性棉花新品种及配套绿色高效栽培技术示范推广”(2024CC002); 石河子大学科技特派员团队服务项目“第三师53团棉花耐盐碱种植技术”(KJTP202302); “第三师53团盐碱地棉花耐盐碱高效生产关键技术”(KJTP2022119); 国家自然科学基金“荒漠绿洲区不同生育期棉花耐冷性差异的生理机制及蛋白质组学研究”(31560074); 石河子大学大学生研究训练计划SRP项目“抗坏血酸对棉花种子萌发期耐盐性的作用效应及其渗透调节机制解析”(SRP2022001); 中国农科院西部中心“西部粮棉轮作技术创新团队”建设项目“陆地棉GhUBC1苗期耐盐功能及分子机制研究”(2023D01A015)

Improvement of Salt Tolerance in Cotton Seed Germination by Ascorbic Acid and Its Physiological Mechanism

XU Jianwei1(), YAN Zixin1, ZHU Jincheng1,2, RU Sibo1, LIU Wenhong3, LI Zhibo1()   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000
    2 Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000
    3 Asset Management Department, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000
  • Received:2023-11-09 Revised:2024-01-15 Published:2024-11-23 Online:2024-11-23

摘要:

本研究以新疆主栽棉花品种‘新陆早61号’为材料,旨在探讨抗坏血酸(AsA)浸种对提高棉花种子萌发期耐盐性的效果及其生理机制。通过分析不同类型盐胁迫(NaCl、Na2SO4和Na2CO3+NaHCO3)下,抗坏血酸(AsA)浸种对棉花种子(棉种)主要发芽特性和生理指标的影响。结果表明,棉种的萌发随盐胁迫浓度升高而下降;但在AsA浸种处理后,棉种萌发特性显著增强,其中发芽率分别比对照提高了55.32%、56.10%和44.0%。最佳AsA浸种浓度分别为0.10 mmol/L(NaCl和Na2SO4)和0.15 mmol/L(Na2CO3+NaHCO3)。此外,盐胁迫萌发过程中AsA浸种提高了棉种SOD、POD、CAT抗氧化酶的活性,增强了可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖的含量,同时降低了MDA和H2O2的水平。研究表明,AsA浸种通过增强抗氧化酶活性、增加渗透物质含量和减少膜脂过氧化,有效提升了棉花种子的耐盐性。

关键词: 抗坏血酸, 盐胁迫, 棉花, 种子萌发, 生理机制, 抗氧化酶

Abstract:

The study aims to explore physiological mechanisms of salt tolerance in cotton during seed germination stage. Using ‘Xinluzao NO.61’, a major local cotton variety, as the test material, the effects of ascorbic acid (AsA) soaking on key germination characteristics and physiological indicators of cotton seeds were analyzed under different types of salt stress. The results showed that the germination of cotton seeds decreased with increasing salt stress concentration; Under NaCl, Na2SO4, and Na2CO3+NaHCO3 stress, the soaking with AsA enhanced the germination characteristics of cotton seeds, among them, the germination rate of cotton seeds increased the most, increasing by 55.32%, 56.10%, and 44.0% compared to the control, respectively, and the optimal AsA soaking concentration for improving salt tolerance was selected as 0.10 mmol/L, 0.10 mmol/L, and 0.15 mmol/L; during the germination process under salt stress, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT, and the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar in cotton seeds soaked with AsA increased,while the content of MDA and H2O2 decreased, and all showed significant differences from the control group. It is concluded that AsA soaking can improve the salt tolerance of cotton seed during germination, as it enhances the main antioxidant enzyme activity, increases the content of osmotic substances, and alleviates membrane lipid peroxidation of cotton seed.

Key words: ascorbic acid, salt stress, cotton, seed germination, physiological mechanism, antioxidant enzymes