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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (25): 11-17.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0196

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

巴州地区棉花对化学打顶剂的响应机制

杜珊珊(), 罗静, 姚青青, 何忠盛, 王东力, 孙绘健()   

  1. 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院，新疆库尔勒 841000
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-20 修回日期:2024-04-27 出版日期:2024-09-05 发布日期:2024-08-27
  • 通讯作者:
    孙绘健，男，1982年出生，高级农艺师，硕士研究生，主要从事作物栽培与育种。通信地址：841000 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州库尔勒市英下路 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院，Tel：0996-2695171，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    杜珊珊，女，1989年出生，山东莱州人，助理研究员，硕士研究生，主要从事作物栽培及育种。通信地址：841000 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州库尔勒市英下路 新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院，Tel：0996-2695171，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学（地州）基金项目“棉花冠层结构及群体光合对不同喷施剂量和时间的化学打顶剂的响应”(2022D01F26)

Response Mechanism of Cotton Varieties in Bayingol Area to Chemical Topping Agents

DU Shanshan(), LUO Jing, YAO Qingqing, HE Zhongsheng, WANG Dongli, SUN Huijian()   

  1. Xinjiang Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture Agricultural Science Research Institute, Korla, Xinjiang 841000
  • Received:2024-03-20 Revised:2024-04-27 Published:2024-09-05 Online:2024-08-27

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摘要：

为明确在新疆巴州地区不同主栽棉花品种对化学打顶剂的响应机制，以4种当地主栽棉花品种为研究对象，分析化学打顶剂增效DPC处理对不同棉花品种的株高、叶面积指数(LAI)、地上生物量累积以及产量、品质的影响。研究结果表明，打顶30 d后，化学打顶处理的棉花的株高显著高于人工打顶4.09%~7.54%(P<0.05)，‘巴43541’提高最少；2种打顶方式下不同品种棉花的LAI为2.96~4.03，相比于打顶前，‘巴43541’的LAI在化学打顶方式下增加最多；2种打顶方式处理后，不同棉花品种叶片、茎秆、蕾铃以及总干物质量的变化不同，但2种方式下干物质量的变化差异不显著(P>0.05)；与人工打顶相比，化学打顶对不同棉花品种的纤维长度、整齐度、比强度、马克隆值以及伸长率影响不大；相比于人工打顶，在化学打顶方式下不同棉花品种的籽棉产量有所增加，增幅为0.35%~2.49%，其中‘巴43541’增产最高，为163.15 kg/hm2，其次依次为‘新陆中71号’、‘新陆中78号’和‘新陆中81号’。巴州地区主栽棉花品种‘巴43541’对化学打顶剂的响应最为明显，化学封顶效果最佳，且具有增产潜力。

关键词: 化学打顶, 巴州地区, 棉花, 主栽品种, 响应机制, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In order to clarify the sensitive response of different main cotton varieties to chemical topping agents in Bayingol Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang, four local main cotton varieties were selected as the research objects to study and analyze the effects of DPC (25% slow-release emulsion in water) treatment with chemical topping agents on plant height, LAI, aboveground biomass accumulation, yield and quality of different cotton varieties. The results showed that 30 days after topping, the plant height of different cotton varieties was significantly higher than that of artificial topping by 4.09%-7.54% (P<0.05), among which ‘Ba 43541’ increased the least. LAI of different cotton varieties under two topping methods ranged from 2.96 to 4.03. Compared with before topping, LAI of cotton variety ‘Ba 43541’ increased the most under chemical topping method. The changes of leaves, stems, buds and total dry matter mass of different cotton varieties under two topping methods were different, but the changes of dry matter mass under two topping methods were not significant (P>0.05). Compared with manual topping, chemical topping had little effect on fiber length, uniformity, specific strength, micronaire value and elongation of different cotton varieties, and the difference was significant. Compared with manual topping, the yield of seed cotton of different cotton varieties increased by 0.35%-2.49% under chemical topping, among which the yield of cotton variety ‘Ba 43541’ was the highest, with 163.15 kg/hm2, followed by ‘Xinluzhong 71’, ‘Xinluzhong 78’ and ‘Xinluzhong 81’. ‘Ba 43541’, the main cotton variety in Bayingol, is the most sensitive to chemical topping agent, and has the best effect of chemical capping, and has the potential to increase production.

Key words: chemical topping, Bayingol area, cotton, main varieties, response mechanism, yield, quality