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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (28): 26-33.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0581

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

农艺管控方式对烟叶氯离子含量的影响研究

丁海1(), 王胜利1, 张燕1, 张宝1, 马尚毅1, 刘东1, 崔瑞斌1, 陈彬1, 于涛1, 张若男2, 董建飞2, 邢朔3, 王兆宝3(), 张怀宝3()   

  1. 1 内蒙古昆明卷烟有限责任公司，呼和浩特 010020
    2 内蒙古自治区烟草公司赤峰市公司烟叶分公司，内蒙古赤峰 737399
    3 中国农业科学院烟草研究所，山东青岛 266101
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-14 修回日期:2025-09-23 出版日期:2025-10-05 发布日期:2025-10-10
  • 通讯作者:
    张怀宝，男，1966年出生，山东潍坊人，研究员，硕士，主要从事烟草品质化学及烟草功能成分综合利用研究。通信地址：266101 山东省青岛市崂山区科苑经四路11号 中国农业科学院烟草研究所，Tel：0532-88702053，E-mail：。
    王兆宝，男，1987年出生，山东潍坊人，副教授，博士，主要从事微生物功能菌剂开发研究。通信地址：266101 山东省青岛市崂山区科苑经四路11号 中国农业科学院烟草研究所，Tel：0532-88702053，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    丁海，男，1989年出生，内蒙古赤峰人，助理工程师，本科，研究方向为烟叶原料研究，烟叶质量评价。通信地址：010000 内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市赛罕区达尔登北路19号 内蒙古昆明卷烟有限责任公司，Tel：0471-5191493，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古昆明卷烟有限责任公司科技项目“赤峰烟叶氯离子管控研究”(202315010534-JS-061); 内蒙古昆明卷烟有限责任公司科技项目“‘冬虫夏草’品牌原料保障体系中应用研究”(202315010534-JS-062)

Study on Effects of Agronomic Management Methods on Chloride Ion Content in Tobacco Leaves

DING Hai1(), WANG Shengli1, ZHANG Yan1, ZHANG Bao1, MA Shangyi1, LIU Dong1, CUI Ruibin1, CHEN Bin1, YU Tao1, ZHANG Ruonan2, DONG Jianfei2, XING Shuo3, WANG Zhaobao3(), ZHANG Huaibao3()   

  1. 1 Inner Mongolia Kunming Cigarette Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010020
    2 Tobacco Leaf Branch of Chifeng Company, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Tobacco Company, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 737399
    3 Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101
  • Received:2025-07-14 Revised:2025-09-23 Published:2025-10-05 Online:2025-10-10

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摘要： 本研究聚焦赤峰烟区土壤氯离子分布规律及其对烟叶品质的影响机制，旨在构建科学的氯离子精准管控体系。通过对赤峰敖汉旗、喀喇沁旗、宁城、松山区80份植烟土壤样品进行氯离子普查，结合松山区多因素田间试验，采用硝酸银滴定法与近红外光谱技术分别测定土壤及烟叶氯离子含量与常规化学成分。结果表明，赤峰烟区土壤氯离子空间异质性显著，受前茬作物影响显著。敖汉旗（前茬玉米）多数土样氯含量小于45 mg/kg（最适宜区），喀喇沁旗、宁城（前茬烟草）75%土样大于50 mg/kg（次适宜区），松山区（前茬玉米）土样氯含量大多为30~50 mg/kg（次适宜区）。大田试验显示，低氯高钾三元复合肥可降低烟叶氯离子含量0.03~0.16个百分点（下部叶效果最显著），大三元一体肥平均降低0.13个百分点；氯化钾类肥料显著提高烟叶氯含量，平均增加0.11~0.13个百分点。氯化钾作为追肥对下部叶氯含量影响最大（增加0.28个百分点），而基肥用氯化钾+追肥用硫酸钾可降低中部叶氯含量（0.11个百分点）。灌溉水净化使上、中、下部叶氯含量分别降低0.44、0.50、0.59个百分点，且处理后烟叶的氯离子含量均小于0.80%。本研究系统揭示了赤峰烟区氯离子分布规律及多维度调控效应，为建立基于区域特性的氯离子精准管理策略提供了理论依据与技术路径。

关键词: 氯离子, 烟草, 肥料, 施肥方式, 灌溉水, 前茬作物, 钾氯比, 烟叶质量

Abstract:

This study aimed to clarify the distribution characteristics of soil chloride ions in major tobacco-growing areas of Chifeng, explore the regulatory effects of fertilizer types, fertilization methods, and irrigation water purification on chloride ion content in tobacco leaves, and provide theoretical basis and technical support for precise management of chloride ions in tobacco areas. A survey was conducted on chloride ion contents in 80 tobacco-planting soil samples from Aohan Banner, Harqin Banner, Ningcheng County, and Songshan District of Chifeng. Combined with field experiments (different compound fertilizers, fertilization methods, and irrigation water treatments), chloride ion contents were determined by silver nitrate titration, and conventional chemical components in tobacco leaves were analyzed by near-infrared spectroscopy. Significant regional differences were observed in soil chloride ion contents in Chifeng tobacco areas, which were significantly affected by previous crops. In Aohan Banner (previous crop: maize), most soil samples had chloride contents <45 mg/kg (optimum range). In Harqin Banner and Ningcheng County (previous crop: tobacco), 75% of soil samples had chloride contents >50 mg/kg (suboptimal range). In Songshan District (previous crop: maize), soil chloride contents ranged from 30 to 50 mg/kg (suboptimal range). Field experiments showed that low-chloride and high-potassium ternary compound fertilizers reduced chloride content in tobacco leaves by 0.03-0.16 percentage points (most significant effect on lower leaves), while the ‘big ternary’ integrated fertilizer achieved an average reduction of 0.13%. Potassium chloride-based fertilizers significantly increased leaf chloride content (average increase of 0.11-0.13 percentage points). Among fertilization methods, applying potassium chloride as topdressing had the greatest impact on lower leaves ( chloride increase by 0.28%), whereas using potassium chloride as base fertilizer combined with potassium sulfate as topdressing reduced chloride content in middle leaves by 0.11%. Irrigation water purification decreased chloride contents in upper, middle, and lower leaves by 0.44, 0.50, and 0.59 percentage points respectively, with all treated leaves showing chloride contents <0.80%. This study revealed the distribution pattern of chloride ions and multi-dimensional management technologies in Chifeng tobacco areas, providing scientific support for improving tobacco leaf quality.

Key words: chloride ion, tobacco, fertilizer, fertilization method, irrigation water, previous crop, potassium-chlorine ratio, tobacco leaf quality