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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 23-29.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0260

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

河北省绿豆种质资源主要农艺性状、经济性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价

赵芳1(), 高运青1, 高韶斌1, 郑丽珍1, 李姝彤1, 尚启兵1, 徐东旭1(), 关翔宇2   

  1. 1 张家口市农业科学院，河北张家口 075000
    2 阳原县职业技术教育中心，河北张家口 075000
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-27 修回日期:2024-09-15 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-02-11
  • 通讯作者:
    徐东旭，男，1972年出生，河北张北人，研究员，硕士研究生，主要从事食用豆方面的研究。通信地址：075000 河北省张家口市桥西区清水河南路惠通街2号 张家口市农业科学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    赵芳，女，1987年出生，河北阳原人，副研究员，硕士研究生，主要从事食用豆方面的研究。通信地址：075000 河北省张家口市桥西区清水河南路惠通街2号 张家口市农业科学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家食用豆产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目“张家口综合试验站”(CARS-09-Z3); 河北省杂粮杂豆创新团队“食用豆岗位”(HBCT2024070204); 河北省食用豆创新中心

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Main Agronomic and Economic Characters of Mung Bean Germplasm Resources in Hebei Province

ZHAO Fang1(), GAO Yunqing1, GAO Shaobin1, ZHENG Lizhen1, LI Shutong1, SHANG Qibing1, XU Dongxu1(), GUAN Xiangyu2   

  1. 1 Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000
    2 Yangyuan County Vocational and Technical Education Center, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000
  • Received:2024-04-27 Revised:2024-09-15 Published:2025-02-15 Online:2025-02-11

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摘要：

本研究旨在探讨河北省绿豆主产区种质资源的合理应用，为绿豆良种选育打下基础。以近年来河北省绿豆主产区的25份绿豆种质为试验材料，对其10个主要农艺性状及经济性状进行遗传多样性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析。结果表明，10个农艺性状及经济性状的变异系数范围为2.12%~16.57%，其中主茎节数(16.57%)和全生育期(12.82%)变异系数最大。相关性分析中显示，单株产量、百粒重与产量呈显著正相关；单株产量与单荚粒数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)，与单荚长、百粒重呈显著正相关。聚类分析表明25份材料共分为6组群，其中第Ⅰ类群（7份）、Ⅵ类群（3份）的产量、百粒重、荚长性状显著高于其他类群，可作为高产绿豆引种优良品种或杂交育种的亲本材料。主成分分析将10个农艺性状、经济性状指标集中在累积贡献率达70.16%的3个主成分中，能有效解释绿豆农艺性状的总变异，其中第2主成分与荚长、百粒重密切相关，贡献率为23.563%。研究发现，25份绿豆种质资源材料变异潜力较大，利用多种分析方法进行综合评价表明‘鹦哥2号’、‘冀绿HN0802-1-2-2-1-1-4’、‘张绿2号’、‘冀绿0911-1-1-2’和‘廊绿2号’可以作为育种的优良亲本材料。

关键词: 绿豆, 种质资源, 育种, 农艺性状, 经济性状, 遗传多样性, 聚类分析, 主成分分析

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the rational application of mung bean germplasm resources and lay the foundation for the breeding of mung bean varieties. Using 25 mung bean germplasms from the main mung bean producing areas in Hebei Province in recent years as experimental materials, genetic diversity analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis were conducted on 10 major agronomic and economic traits. The results showed that the coefficient of variation for 10 agronomic and economic traits ranged from 2.12% to 16.57%, with the highest coefficients of variation observed for the number of main stem nodes (16.57%) and the entire growth period (12.82%). According to the correlation analysis, there was a significant positive correlation between individual grain yield, hundred grain weight, and yield; the yield of grains per plant was significantly positively correlated with the number of grains per pod (P<0.01), and significantly positively correlated with the length of a single pod and the weight of one hundred grains. Cluster analysis showed that 25 materials were divided into 6 groups, among which Group I (7 samples) and Group VI (3 samples) had significantly higher yield, hundred grain weight, and pod length traits than other groups, and could be used as parent materials for high-yield mung bean introduction or hybrid breeding. Principal component analysis concentrated 10 agronomic and economic trait indicators into 3 principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 70.16%, which could effectively explain the total variation of mung bean agronomic traits. The second principal component was closely related to pod length and 100 grain weight, with a contribution rate of 23.563%. Research has found that 25 mung bean germplasm resources had great potential for variation. Comprehensive evaluation using multiple analysis methods shows that ‘Yingge 2’, ‘Jilv HN0802-1-2-1-1-4’, ‘Zhanglv 2’, ‘Jilv 0911-1-2’, and ‘Langlv 2’ can be used as excellent parental materials for breeding.

Key words: mung bea, germplasm resources, breeding, agronomic traits, economic traits, genetic diversity, cluster analysis, principal component analysis