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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 71-76.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-1019

• 生物科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于DNA条形码与特征性成分的平纳鉴别研究

程波(), 满尔哈巴·海如拉, 史银基, 范晨阳, 杨伟俊(), 何江()   

  1. 新疆维吾尔自治区药物研究院维吾尔药重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830010
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-21 修回日期:2026-06-04 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者:
    杨伟俊,男,1973年出生,甘肃定西人,研究员,博士,主要从事新疆药用植物资源新药研发。通信地址:830010 新疆乌鲁木齐市新市区西彩路181号 新疆药物研究院新药研究中心,E-mail:
    何江,男,1979年出生,四川南充人,研究员,博士,研究方向:药用植物资源分类与鉴定。通信地址:830010 新疆乌鲁木齐市新市区西彩路181号 新疆药物研究院新药研究中心,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    程波,男,1982年出生,四川西充人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为药用植物鉴定及分子生药学。通信地址:830010 新疆乌鲁木齐市新市区西彩路181号 新疆药物研究院新药研究中心,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目“维药平纳及其混伪品分子鉴别研究”(2022D01A301); 新疆科技创新领军人才项目“一带一路视野下哈萨克药集成创新与示范研究”(2024TSYCLJ0012); 天山英才医药卫生高层次人才培养计划“新疆民族药材分子鉴定及质量标准研究”(TSYC202401B070); 天山英才培养计划“新疆特色中药材疑难品种本草学、质量标准及质量标志物研究”(2022TSYCCX0022)

A Study on Identification of Pingna (Mentha spicata) Based on DNA Barcoding and Characteristic Components

CHENG Bo(), MANERHABA Hairula, SHI Yinji, FAN Chenyang, YANG Weijun(), HE Jiang()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Uyghur Medicine, Xinjiang Institute of Materia Medica, Urumqi 830010
  • Received:2025-12-21 Revised:2026-06-04 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-20

摘要:

针对新疆地区民族药用植物平纳(留兰香)与薄荷因形态高度相似而难以准确区分的问题,本研究建立一种多维鉴别方法。在新疆不同地方收集10批次平纳样品与5批次薄荷样品,采用DNA条形码技术(基于ITS序列)进行分子鉴定,结合薄层色谱法(TLC)与气相色谱法(GC)对平纳特征性成分香芹酮进行定性与定量分析,并对GC方法进行系统的方法学验证。研究表明,ITS系统发育树可清晰地将平纳与薄荷2种样品区分为2个独立的谱系。TLC结果显示,所有平纳样品均含有香芹酮的特征色谱斑点,而薄荷均未出现相应的斑点。GC分析证实,平纳样品中香芹酮含量范围为0.21~1.62 mg/g,薄荷中未检出。本研究构建了一个集DNA条形码与化学分析于一体的多维鉴定体系,可快速、准确地鉴别平纳及其混伪品,为平纳的质量控制与标准化提供了可靠的技术支撑。

关键词: 平纳(留兰香), DNA条形码, ITS序列, 薄层色谱, 气相色谱, 鉴别

Abstract:

To address the challenge of accurately distinguishing Uyghur medicinal herb pingna (Mentha spicata) from its easily confused substitute, M. canadensis due to their morphological similarities, and to ensure medication safety, a multi-dimensional identification method was established in this study. Ten batches of pingna and five batches of M. canadensis samples were collected. DNA barcoding (ITS sequence) was used for molecular identification, combined with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC) for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of L-carvone, the characteristic component of M. spicata. The ITS phylogenetic tree clearly separated the two species into two distinct clusters. TLC results showed that all M. spicata samples contained the characteristic spot of L-carvone, which was absent in all M. canadensis samples. GC analysis confirmed that the L-carvone content in M. spicata ranged from 0.21 to 1.62 mg/g, while it was undetected in M. canadensis. The multidimensional identification system integrating DNA barcoding and chemical characteristic profiling established in this study enables rapid and accurate cross-verification of M. spicata and M. canadensis. This reliable method provides crucial technical support for quality control and standardization of M. spicata.

Key words: pingna (Mentha spicata), DNA barcoding, ITS sequence, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, identification

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