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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (19): 23-29.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0060

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

优质鲜食兼淀粉型甘薯新品种‘莆薯25’的选育

崔纪超1(), 武小霞1, 钟玉扬1, 黄益通1, 唐超凡2, 洪鼎剀1, 郑建扬1   

  1. 1 莆田市农业科学研究所, 福建莆田 351106
    2 莆田市种子站, 福建莆田 351100
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-20 修回日期:2026-07-30 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-10-15
  • 通讯作者:
    崔纪超,男,1982年出生,山东肥城人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事甘薯遗传育种与栽培技术研究。通信地址:351106 福建省莆田市荔城区玉湖路2604号张镇水乡B区 莆田市农业科学研究所,Tel:0594-8989027,E-mail:。
  • 作者简介:

    崔纪超,男,1982年出生,山东肥城人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事甘薯遗传育种与栽培技术研究。通信地址:351106 福建省莆田市荔城区玉湖路2604号张镇水乡B区 莆田市农业科学研究所,Tel:0594-8989027,E-mail:。

  • 基金资助:
    福建省科技厅农业引导性(重点)项目“优质淀粉型甘薯品种选育与应用研究”(2023N0043)

Breeding of a New Dual-purpose Sweet Potato Variety ‘Pushu 25’ with High Quality for Fresh-eating and Starch Production

CUI Jichao1(), WU Xiaoxia1, ZHONG Yuyang1, HUANG Yitong1, TANG Chaofan2, HONG Dingkai1, ZHENG Jianyang1   

  1. 1 Putian Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Putian, Fujian 351106
    2 Putian Seed Station, Putian, Fujian 351100
  • Received:2026-01-20 Revised:2026-07-30 Published:2026-10-15 Online:2026-10-15

摘要:

选育优质鲜食兼淀粉型甘薯新品种,为福建省甘薯产业发展提供良种支持。本研究以优质淀粉型甘薯品种‘莆薯12’为母本,采用放任授粉杂交,经过实生苗初选后,开展复选、品比和福建省甘薯品种区域试验,成功选育出新品种‘莆薯25’,并于2024年通过国家非主要农作物品种登记。该品种薯块纺锤形,红皮黄肉。2021—2022年福建省甘薯区域试验中,2年平均鲜薯产量为31138.09 kg/hm2,较‘广薯87’(CK)减产5.1%;薯干产量(8968.48 kg/hm2)与CK相当(减产0.14%);淀粉产量(5830.02 kg/hm2)较CK增产1.82%;干物率达29.14%,比CK高1.6个百分点,加工潜力突出。在感官品质方面,‘莆薯25’外观、食味评分别为81.79、82.69分,分别比CK高1.79、2.69分,显著提升了鲜食价值。产量稳定性分析显示,其鲜薯、薯干及淀粉产量的丰产性和稳产性均优于CK。抗病性鉴定表明,该品种抗蔓割病,但感薯瘟病。综上,‘莆薯25’综合性状优良,可作为鲜食和淀粉型品种在福建省非薯瘟病区推广种植。

关键词: 甘薯, ‘莆薯25’, 品种选育, 淀粉加工, 鲜食

Abstract:

This study aims to breed new sweet potato varieties suitable for both fresh consumption and starch processing, and to provide fine variety support for promoting the industry development of sweet potato in Fujian. ‘Pushu 12’, a high-quality starch-type sweet potato cultivar was selected as female parent for open-pollinated hybridization. After the primary selection of seedlings and lines, a re-selection test, a comparison test, and a regional test in Fujian were conducted to evaluate the adaptability and the disease resistance identification. ‘Pushu 25’ was bred and registered in 2024 under China’s National Variety Registration System for Non-major Crops. The storage root of ‘Pushu 25’ was spindle-shaped with red skin and yellow flesh. In the Fujian Provincial Regional Trials conducted over two consecutive years (2021-2022), the yields of fresh tubers and dried tubers were 31138.09 and 8968.48 kg/hm2, respectively, which were 5.11 and 0.14 lower than those of ‘Guangshu 87’ (CK). The starch yield was 5830.02 kg/hm2, 1.82% higher than CK. The dry matter rate was 29.14%, which was 1.6% higher than that of CK, and the processing potential was outstanding. In terms of sensory quality, the appearance and taste scores were 81.79 and 82.69, respectively, which were 1.79 and 2.69 points higher than those of CK, significantly improving the value of fresh food. The stability analysis showed that ‘Pushu 25’ was superior to the CK cultivar in both productivity and stability for fresh tuber, dried tuber, and starch yields. The results of disease resistance identification showed that this variety was resistant to stem rot but susceptible to sweet potato wilt. Overall, ‘Pushu 25’ exhibited excellent comprehensive traits and can be used for both fresh consumption and starch processing in non-bacterial-wilt areas of Fujian.

Key words: sweet potato, ‘Pushu 25’, variety breeding, starch processing, fresh-eating

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