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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 101-108.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0179

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同连作障碍类型下植烟土壤化感物质和微生物多样性特征

骆国辉1(), 俞世康2(), 翟扬妮1, 顾会战2, 李富程1, 王彬1, 吴涛1   

  1. 1 西南科技大学环境与资源学院， 四川绵阳 621010
    2 四川省烟草公司广元市公司， 四川广元 628000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-02 修回日期:2025-07-16 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2026-03-18
  • 通讯作者:
    俞世康，男，1980年出生，安徽宣城人，高级农艺师，硕士，研究方向：烟草科学与烟草工程。通信地址：628000 四川省广元市利州区莲花路168号 广元市烟草公司，Tel：0839-3226091，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    骆国辉，男，1999年出生，四川德阳人，助理研究员，硕士，研究方向：农业土壤环境修复。通信地址：621010 四川省绵阳市涪城区青义镇青龙大道中段59号 西南科技大学，Tel：0816-6089453，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技教育联合基金重点项目“紫色土瘠薄土壤剖面‘重构-抗旱-固碳’多维提升机制与优化调控（2025NSFSC2007）”中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目“广元烟区干旱胁迫下植烟土壤水肥耦合效率提升技术研发及示范”(SCYC202305); “石灰质土壤连作障碍消除技术研究与应用”(SCYC202106)

Characteristics of Allelochemicals and Microbial Diversity in Soils with Different Types of Tobacco Continuous Cropping Obstacles

LUO Guohui1(), YU Shikang2(), ZHAI Yangni1, GU Huizhan2, LI Fucheng1, WANG Bin1, WU Tao1   

  1. 1 School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010
    2 Guangyuan Branch, Sichuan Tobacco Company, Guagyuan, Sichuan 628000
  • Received:2025-03-02 Revised:2025-07-16 Published:2026-03-18 Online:2026-03-18

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摘要：

为探讨连作对土壤中化感物质、酶活性和微生物群落的影响，为烟草连作障碍的修复提供理论依据，本研究选择健康型、连作障碍型和抑病型3种类型烟田，测定土壤化感物质、根际土壤微生物多样性和群落结构，探明不同连作障碍程度土壤的微生物群落结构特征及其与化感物质、酶活性等指标之间的关系。结果表明：化感物质的变化趋势均为连作障碍型>抑病型>健康型。连作障碍型和抑病型土壤酶活性显著低于健康型土壤，蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性在3种类型烟田中差异显著。健康型土壤微生物的多样性和丰富度最高，连作障碍型土壤微生物的多样性和丰富度最低。粪壳菌纲和接合菌纲在连作障碍型土壤中的相对丰度均低于健康型土壤，而座囊菌纲在连作障碍型土壤中的相对丰度均高于健康型土壤。冗余分析显示，pH、有机质、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶、α-亚麻酸和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基）己酯可能是潜在的连作障碍因子。研究结果表明，降低土壤化感物质含量、提高蔗糖酶和脲酶酶活性和土壤微生物多样性是烟草连作障碍修复的重点。

关键词: 连作障碍, 化感物质, 土壤酶活性, 微生物群落结构, 烟草

Abstract:

The study aims to investigate the impacts of continuous cropping obstacles on allelochemicals, soil enzyme activities, and microbial communities in soil, providing a theoretical basis for overcoming tobacco continuous cropping obstacles. We selected three types of tobacco fields: healthy (H-type), continuous cropping obstacle (CCO-type), and disease inhibition (DI-type). Their allelochemical content, rhizosphere soil microbial diversity, and community structure were determined. The microbial community structure characteristics of soils with different degrees of continuous cropping obstacles and their relationships with allelochemicals and enzyme activities were explored. The results showed that the change trend of allelochemicals was CCO-type>DI-type>H-type. The soil enzyme activities of CCO-type and DI-type were significantly lower than those of H-type. The activities of sucrase (SUC) and phosphatase (PHO) were significantly different among the three types of tobacco fields. The diversity and richness of microorganisms in healthy soil were the highest, and the diversity and richness of microorganisms in continuous cropping obstacle soil were the lowest. The relative abundance of Sordariomycetes in Ascomycota and Zygomycota in Mortierellomycota in continuous cropping obstacle soil was lower than that in healthy soil, while the relative abundance of Dothideomycetes in Ascomycota in continuous cropping obstacle soil was higher than that in healthy soil. Redundancy analysis showed that pH, SOC, SUC, PHO, URE, ALA and DEHP might be potential continuous cropping obstacle factors. The results showed that reducing the content of soil allelochemicals, increasing the activities of sucrase and urease and soil microbial diversity were the priority in remediation efforts for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles in tobacco farming.

Key words: continuous cropping obstacle, allelochemicals, soil enzyme activity, microbial community structure, tobacco