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中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (7): 331-334.

• 畜牧 动物医学 蚕 蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于线粒体RNAs序列分析雁形目家禽的分歧时间

郭军 汤青萍 章双杰 邹剑敏   

  • 收稿日期:2010-12-13 修回日期:2010-12-31 出版日期:2011-04-05 发布日期:2011-04-05
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划项目;江苏支撑计划;扬州农业攻关项目

Divergence time between domestic fowls in Anseriformes inferred from mitochondrial RNAs

  • Received:2010-12-13 Revised:2010-12-31 Online:2011-04-05 Published:2011-04-05

摘要:

雁形目鸟类具有重要的社会经济意义和科学研究价值,部分种类已被驯化成为重要的家禽,然而雁形目内部物种之间的关系仍存在许多争议。本研究利用线粒体RNAs序列标定雁形目部分鸟类的分歧时间,旨在进一步查明该类群系统进化关系。首先, 采用酚仿法分别从太湖鹅和朗徳鹅血液中提取基因组DNA,PCR 扩增获得线粒体RNAs基因序列。 然后,从GenBank 中提取10 种鸟类线粒体DNA的同源序列,以鸵鸟为外群,采用贝叶斯法结合RNA结构信息重建系统发生关系;最后,以黑雁属与雁属的分歧时间为锚定点,利用r8s软件分析了雁形目物种间的分歧时间。 结果表明,中国鹅与欧洲鹅的分歧时间为0.61百万年,番鸭与家鸭的分歧时间为15.5百万年。依据家鹅祖先分歧时间,联系当时发生的地学事件,作者认为家鹅祖先物种分化与更新世冰川运动有关。研究结果有助于我国水禽遗传资源的保护与利用。

关键词: 双条杉天牛, 双条杉天牛, 蒲螨, 生物防治

Abstract:

Many water fowls have a long history of domestication for socio-economic reasons. However, phylogenetic relation in this group remains contradictory. In this study, we infer the divergence time between water fowls with mitochondrial RNAs in order to elucidate speciation events in domestic geese. Firstly, we have extracted DNA from Taihue goose and Landaise goose, which stand respectively for Chinese geese and European geese. Mitochondrial RNAs have been amplified by PCR method. Secondly, we pick up 10 complete mtDNA sequences from GenBank. Then, we reconstruct phylogenetic tree based on Bayesian method and RNA secondary structure. At last, the divergence time is inferred with r8s. The fossils we chose are : (1) a fossil anseriform that sets a minimum age of 11.1 Mya for the common ancestor of swans/brantas and geese. (2) earliest Branta fossil for a minimum age of common ancestry of Anser-Branta at 7.15 Mya. The results: divergence time for common ancestry of Chinese goose and European goose is assigned to 0.61 Mya, and split between Muscovy and Mallard have occurred in the early Miocence, i.e. ,15.5 Mya. Associating divergence time with geological event in Pleistocene, we infer climatic cycles with subsequent glacial and intergalcial periods have had an important impact on speciation of two domestic geese. Results in this study are useful to conservation and utilization of genetic resource in water fowls.

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