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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9): 195-200.

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

土壤放线菌X1的筛选及其抑菌活性初探

徐路明 郝明亮 王金果 王桂芳 罗 兰   

  • 收稿日期:2011-01-10 修回日期:2011-01-29 出版日期:2011-04-25 发布日期:2011-04-25

The Study on Antifungal Activity and Screening of Actinomycete X1 Strain from Soil

  • Received:2011-01-10 Revised:2011-01-29 Online:2011-04-25 Published:2011-04-25

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摘要：

筛选具有抑菌活性的放线菌是开发农用活性抗生素的基础。本文采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法，测定了从土壤中分离出的6株拮抗放线菌的抑菌活性，并对抑菌活性较好的放线菌X1菌株进行初步研究。生长速率法试验表明，放线菌X1菌株发酵液对供试12种植物病原菌菌丝生长均有不同程度的抑制作用，发酵液对苹果腐烂病菌、苹果轮纹病菌和葡萄白腐病菌菌丝的抑制率均为100%。孢子萌发试验表明，放线菌X1菌株发酵液对黄瓜枯萎病菌孢子萌发的抑制率为100%。在浓度为1 mg/mL时，放线菌X1菌株发酵液乙酸乙酯萃取物对苹果腐烂病菌、苹果轮纹病菌和葡萄白腐病菌菌丝的抑菌率均大于90%。放线菌X1菌株抑菌谱较广，对植物病菌的防治有很大的研究开发潜力。

关键词: 化肥, 化肥

Abstract:

Screening antifungal actinomycetes are foundation of agricultural antibiotics exploitation. The antifungal activity of six strains actinomycetes from soil were studied by mycelium growth rate, spore germination test. The antifungal activities of different extracts of actinomycete X1 Strain were studied. The results of mycelium growth rate showed that the X1 strain displayed a broad spectrum inhibitory activity to all the tested 12 plant pathogenic fungi, of which, the inhibition rate against three pathogens were 100%, such as Valsa mali, Physalospora piricola and Coniella diplodiella. The results of spore germination test demonstrated that the X1 strain also had an inhibition rate of 100% against germination of spores of Fusarium oxysporum. The inhibition rate to three plant pathogens was over 90% with ethyl acetate of X1 strain at the concentration of 10 mg/mL. The X1 strain displayed a broad spectrum inhibitory activity, which has great potential for controlling plant pathogens.