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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (16): 266-272.

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

有机肥对红葱生长和产量及土壤肥力的影响

曹健 杨秋 赫新洲 陈琼贤 朱碧岩 张亚南 高惠楠   

  • 收稿日期:2011-01-10 修回日期:2011-03-22 出版日期:2011-07-05 发布日期:2011-07-05
  • 基金资助:

    广东省科学技术厅农业攻关项目“生态节约型蔬菜高效栽培技术集成研究”;广州市白云区农业科技专家服务项目“水沥红葱生产技术规程应用研究与示范”;广东省惠州市产学研结合项目“红葱种苗繁育和生长调控技术集成与产业化”

Effects of Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Shallot Onion and Soil Fertility

  • Received:2011-01-10 Revised:2011-03-22 Online:2011-07-05 Published:2011-07-05

PDF (PC)

1245

摘要：

为提高红葱生产效益，解决红葱长期连作引起土壤连作障碍等问题，用农业废弃资源草菇渣的发酵产物为主要原料，与土壤改良剂混配成有机肥，在红葱上进行小区试验和生产试验。结果表明：有机肥能促进红葱植株的株高、叶片长、鳞茎长、鳞茎粗的生长，促进植株分蘖，提高红葱单株重量和各器官的重量，提高红葱产量，特别是前期产量比对照提高了61.6%~72.5%，小区试验的差异极显著；有机肥还固定和活化土壤营养，提高土壤交换性钙、交换性镁的含量，中和土壤酸性，降低土壤EC值，最终达到了平衡土壤养分，改善土壤理化性状等效果；而试验农户的土壤存在磷、钾肥过量，镁肥缺乏的问题。本试验为草菇渣等有机废弃物的综合利用，提高城郊农业生态环境的保育功能，增加红葱生产效益提供了合理有效的技术措施。

关键词: 农药, 农药

Abstract:

To improve the production benefit of shallot onion (Allium ascalonicum L．), and solve the problem of soil continuous cropping obstacle caused by it. An organic fertilizer, which was made of fermentation products from straw mushroom residue and soil modifier, was used in both plot and field trials. The results showed that the organic fertilizer improved the plant height and the leaf length, increased the diameter and the length of bulb and promoted the tillering of shallot onion, and raised the weight of single plant and all parts of organs as well as yield, especially at the early stage, which was increased by 61.6%-72.5%. The difference between plots was extremely significant. The organic fertilizer stabilized or activated nutrients in soil, and also enhanced the amount of exchangeable Ca and Mg in the soil, and neutralized soil acidity, but reduced soil EC value, and finally achieved the effects of balanced soil nutrients, improved physiochemical properties of soil. The results pointed out that, however, too much phosphorous and potassium fertilizer but few magnesium fertilizer were applied by farmers. This experiment provides reasonable and effective technological measures for the integrative use of straw mushroom residue and increasing soil conservation capacity of agro-ecology in suburb areas, production benefit of shallot onion.