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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 311-316.

所属专题： 农业生态； 耕地保护

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    

聊城耕地土壤中OCPs的残留特征和生态风险评价

王岩 张保华 贾富 吴建杰   

  • 收稿日期:2011-08-10 修回日期:2011-10-26 出版日期:2012-03-15 发布日期:2012-03-15
  • 基金资助:

    山东省自然科学基金

Residues and Ecological Risk Evaluation of Organochlorine Pesticides in Arable Land from Liaocheng

  • Received:2011-08-10 Revised:2011-10-26 Online:2012-03-15 Published:2012-03-15

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摘要：

为了确定聊城市耕地土壤中有机氯农药（OCPs）的污染特征及其生态风险，采用网格布点法采集了136个耕地土壤样品。利用ASE萃取技术，采用GC-ECD方法测定了样品中α-BHC、β-BHC、γ-BHC、δ-BHC、p,p′-DDE、p,p′-DDT、p,p′-DDD、o,p′-DDT、狄氏剂、艾氏剂、异狄氏剂、六氯苯和七氯等13种OCPs的检出率和残留量，分析了BHCs和DDTs在聊城8个县市耕地土壤中的组成特征，并对BHCs和DDTs进行了生态风险评价。结果表明，13种OCPs均有不同的检出率和残留量，除了DDTs残留造成个别样点严重污染外，耕地土壤均未受到OCPs污染。8县市耕地土壤中，残留物均以β-BHC和p,p′-DDE为主。BHCs的生态风险较低，而DDTs对土壤生物、鸟类和哺乳动物均存在一定程度的风险。

关键词: 高光谱遥感, 高光谱遥感, 氮素, 桃树叶片

Abstract:

To determine the pollution characteristics and the ecological risk of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in arable land of Liaocheng City, 136 soil samples were collected using lattice method. The samples were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and the detectable rates and residual amounts of 13 kinds of OCPs, including α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC, δ-BHC, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDD, o,p′-DDT, hexachlorobenzene, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin and heptachlor, were analyzed with GC-ECD. The features of the composition of BHCs and DDTs in 8 counties of Liaocheng were analyzed, and the ecological risk evaluation was conducted. The results showed that: the detectable rates and residual amounts of 13 OCPs were detected with different degree, the arable land had not been polluted by OCPs except that only a few samples were seriously polluted by DDTs. In 8 counties of Liaocheng, β-BHC and p,p′-DDE were the primary pollutants. The ecological risk of BHCs was light, while there was certain risk of DDTs to soil organism, birds and mammal.

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