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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 42-48.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15110064

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高产优质淀粉型甘薯新品种‘苏薯24号’的选育研究

贾赵东,马佩勇,边小峰,郭小丁,谢一芝   

  1. (江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,南京 210014）
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-10 修回日期:2016-04-11 接受日期:2015-12-14 出版日期:2016-04-27 发布日期:2016-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 谢一芝
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“国家甘薯产业技术体系”(CARS-11-C-03)；江苏省科技支撑计划项目“适合机械化生产的高产多抗甘薯新品种选育”(BE2014315)；江苏省农业科技自主创新基金“江苏沿海滩涂快速改良和高效利用技术集成与示范”[CX(15)1005]。

Breeding of a New Sweetpotato Variety ‘Sushu 24’ with High Starch Content

Jia Zhaodong, Ma Peiyong, Bian Xiaofeng, Guo Xiaoding, Xie Yizhi   

  1. (Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014)
  • Received:2015-11-10 Revised:2016-04-11 Accepted:2015-12-14 Online:2016-04-27 Published:2016-04-27

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摘要： 为了加快淀粉型甘薯新品种‘苏薯24号’的推广应用，总结淀粉型甘薯品种选育的实践经验与心得，通过2012—2014年国家区试多年多点品比试验，以及抗病性等特性综合鉴定评价。结果表明：‘苏薯24号’在2012—2013年国家甘薯长江流域薯区区域试验中，平均鲜薯产量33534.0 kg/hm2，平均薯干产量11130.0 kg/hm2，淀粉产量7549.5 kg/hm2，比对照‘徐薯22’增产18.27%，增产显著；平均块根干物率和淀粉率为33.08%和22.41%，分别比对照‘徐薯22’高2.84和2.47个百分点。2014年国家长江区试生产试验中，平均鲜薯产量31204.5 kg/hm2，平均薯干产量10194.0 kg/hm2；平均淀粉产量 6883.5 kg/hm2，比对照‘徐薯22’增产23.28%。该品种2015年2月通过国家甘薯新品种鉴定。‘苏薯24号’聚合了双亲高产、高淀粉、丰产稳产、综合性状优良等特点，薯干和淀粉产量均较高，抗病和耐储藏性好，在长江流域薯区及周边地区具有广阔的推广应用前景。最后，笔者提出了高淀粉甘薯品种的选育策略是培育骨干亲本与创建核心种质，组配优势群体且加大选择压力，加速育种进程。

关键词: 荠菜, 荠菜, 烫漂, 叶绿素, 维生素C, 过氧化物酶, 响应面

Abstract: In order to improve the popularization and application of a new sweetpotato variety ‘Sushu 24’ with high starch content, the breeding experience of the sweetpotato variety with high starch content was summarized from the multipoint variety comparative test from 2012 to 2014 and disease resistance evaluation. The results showed that in Yangtze River Basin test under the national sweetpotato regional trial (2012—2013), the average fresh root yield of ‘Sushu 24’ was 33534.0 kg/hm2, the average yield of dry matter was 11130.0 kg/hm2, the starch yield was 7549.5 kg/hm2, which increased significantly by 18.27% compared with that of ‘Xushu 22’(CK). The average dry matter rate and starch rate were 33.08% and 22.41%, respectively 2.84 and 2.47 percentage point higher than that of ‘Sushu 22’ (CK). In 2014 Yangtze River Basin production trial, the average fresh storage root yield of ‘Sushu 24’ was 31204.5 kg/hm2, the average yield of dry matter was 10194.0 kg/hm2, the average starch yield was 6883.5 kg/hm2, which was 23.28% higher than that of ‘Xushu 22’. ‘Sushu 24’ passed the national new sweet potato variety identification in February 2015. ‘Sushu 24’ assembled the advantages of high yield, high starch, stable yield and fine comprehensive characters from parents, the dry matter and starch yield were high, disease-resistance and storable character were fine, it had wide prospect in the Yangtze River Basin and surrounding areas. At last, the authors put forward that breeding sweet potato varieties with high starch content should cultivate the backbone parents and create the core germplasm, make cross combinations and increase the selection pressure, thus to accelerate the breeding process.