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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (16): 110-116.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15110129

所属专题: 耕地保护

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古荒漠草原农牧交错带植被恢复措施对弃耕地草本群落的影响

木 兰1,2,张璞进1,2,刘亚红1,2,刘欣超1,2,任永峰1,3,4,王 博1,3,4,高 宇1,3,4,张 君1,3,4,逯栓柱5,赵沛义1,3,4   

  1. (1内蒙古农牧业科学院,呼和浩特 010030;2中国科学院内蒙古草业研究中心,呼和浩特 010030;3内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室,呼和浩特 010030;4农业部内蒙古耕地保育科学观测实验站,呼和浩特 011705;5巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究院,内蒙古临河 015000)
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-25 修回日期:2015-12-21 接受日期:2015-12-25 出版日期:2016-06-17 发布日期:2016-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 赵沛义
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技重大专项“农牧交错区复合生态系统恢复与重建关键技术研究与示范”(20140218);内蒙古科技计划项目“耐寒生态品种选育与退化荒漠草原修复技术研究——内蒙古退化荒漠草原生态修复技术研究”(2015NM06);中国科学院内蒙古草业研究中心2015年运行经费补助(201501);国家“十二五”科技支撑项目“风沙半干旱区防蚀增效旱作农业技术集成与示范”(2012BAD09B02)。

Effect of Restoration Measures on Herbaceous Community Characteristics of Abandoned Land in Desert Steppe of Inner Mongolia

Mu Lan1,2, Zhang Pujin1,2, Liu Yahong1,2, Liu Xinchao1,2, Ren Yongfeng1,3,4, Wang Bo1,3,4,Gao Yu1,3,4, Zhang Jun1,3,4, Lu Shuanzhu5, Zhao Peiyi1,3,4   

  1. (1Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010030;2Inner Mongolia Prataculture Research Center, Chinese Academy of Science, Hohhot 010030;3Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming, Hohhot 010030;4Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation (Inner Mongolia), MOA, Hohhot 011705;5Bayannaoer Academy of Agricultural and Animal Sciences, Linhe Inner Mongolia 015000)
  • Received:2015-11-25 Revised:2015-12-21 Accepted:2015-12-25 Online:2016-06-17 Published:2016-06-17

摘要: 以内蒙古阴山北麓四子王旗和武川县的荒漠草原农牧交错带弃耕地为研究对象,研究不同恢复措施和恢复年限对弃耕地草本植物群落的影响。研究结果显示,在相对干旱的四子王旗和相对湿润的武川县,荒漠草原弃耕地分别种植中间锦鸡儿和苜蓿有利于地带性植被恢复演替,可增加草本群落的盖度和地上生物量。随着弃耕年限的增加,四子王旗和武川县弃耕地总的物种数、多年生草本物种数和一、二年生草本物种数呈减少趋势,地带性优势物种在群落中逐渐占主导地位,植物群落的盖度和生物量出现了先降低后增加的趋势,植物群落的Shannon-Wiener指数和Margalef丰富度指数呈递减趋势。在荒漠草原合理的人工干扰有利于弃耕地的植被恢复,弃耕地的植被恢复演替是个漫长的过程,弃耕地的再利用要慎重。

关键词: 天水地区, 天水地区, 干旱过程, 风险评估, 方法研究

Abstract: This study took abandoned land of desert steppe located in Siziwangqi and Wuchuan County as study objects to study how herbaceous community was influenced by different restoration measures and periods. The results showed that planting Caragana intermedia in the abandoned land of Siziwangqi and Medicago sativa in that of Wuchuan County could promote restoration succession of the zonal vegetation and increase the coverage and aboveground biomass of herbaceous community. With the increase of abandoned time, the number of total species, perennial herb species and annual and biennial herb species, and Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index of plant community in the abandoned land of the two areas tended to decrease, while the zonal dominant species dominated the community gradually. Additionally, the coverage and biomass of plant community showed a trend of first decrease and then increase with the increase of the abandoned time. Therefore, the reasonable artificial disturbance in desert steppe would be beneficial for vegetation restoration of the abandoned land. The vegetation recovery of the abandoned land is a long process, so the abandoned land should be used cautiously.