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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 73-78.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190400012

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国土壤类型下免耕对土壤容重的影响

胡立峰   

  1. 国家开放大学农林医药教学部,北京 100039
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-19 修回日期:2019-05-22 出版日期:2020-04-25 发布日期:2020-04-21
  • 作者简介:胡立峰,男,1972年出生,河北宁晋人,副教授,博士,主要从事农业生态及农村远程教育研究。通信地址:100039 北京市海淀区复兴路75号 国家开放大学农林医药教学部,Tel:010-57519223,E-mail: hulf@ouchn.edu.cn

No-tillage Affects Soil Bulk Density Under Major Soil Types in China

Hu Lifeng   

  1. Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Medicine, the Open University of China, Beijing 100039
  • Received:2019-04-19 Revised:2019-05-22 Online:2020-04-25 Published:2020-04-21

摘要:

免耕对土壤物理性状尤其是土壤容重产生影响,进而影响作物生长发育,本研究旨在探讨免耕在不同土壤类型、不同耕作制度区域下对土壤容重产生的影响,为免耕研究提供参考。收集自1999—2019年公开发表的免耕、保护性耕作对土壤容重影响的试验论文,对筛选出田间试验条件下土壤容重结果具有显著性差异的期刊论文进行整理分析。结果表明,中国土壤类型下免耕对土壤容重的试验研究所涉及的土壤类型相对较少,较多集中在黑垆土、水稻土、黑土、褐土五种土壤类型下。在耕作制度区域研究上,中国三大粮食主产区(黄淮海平原、东北平原及长江中下游平原区)的研究占全国总量的45.8%。文献对比研究发现,免耕减小土壤容重的比例仅为1/3,土壤容重增大的比例接近2/3,少量试验结果表明免耕与传统耕作对土壤容重的影响无显著差异。研究认为,免耕对土壤容重的影响在不同试验条件下产生不同的结论,与土壤类型、耕作制度区域无相关性。

关键词: 免耕, 土壤容重, 土壤类型, 耕作制度

Abstract:

No-tillage affects soil physical characteristics, especially for soil bulk density, and then affects crop growth. The objective of this study is to clarify the effects of no-tillage on soil bulk density in different soil types and different tillage regime regions, and to provide reference for no-tillage research. The papers about the effects of no-tillage or conservation tillage on soil bulk density, published from 1999 to 2019, were collected. The papers about the significant effects on soil bulk density in field experiment were analyzed. The results showed that the research of effects of no-tillage on soil bulk density was only conducted in a few soil types in China, mainly including black loess soil, paddy soil, black soil and cinnamon soil. The studies of tillage regime regions conducted in the three main grain production regions (the Huanghuaihai Plain, the Northeast Plain, the plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River) accounted for 45.8% of the total research in China. Paper comparison indicated that only one third of the studies showed no-tillage decreasing soil bulk density, close to two thirds had the opposite results, meanwhile a few studies indicated that there was no significant difference between the effects of no-tillage and conventional tillage on soil bulk density. Previous studies reported that no-tillage could show different effects on soil bulk density in different experimental conditions, which was not related to soil types or tillage regime regions.

Key words: no-tillage, soil bulk density, soil type, cropping system

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