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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (13): 14-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0510

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥和隔根对胡麻/大豆间作体系种间关系及间作优势的调控效应

阮文浩1(), 高玉红1(), 吴兵2, 剡斌1, 王一帆1, 崔政军1, 赵邦庆1, 曹智1   

  1. 1甘肃农业大学农学院/甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,兰州 730070
    2甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-28 修回日期:2021-03-25 出版日期:2021-05-05 发布日期:2021-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 高玉红
  • 作者简介:阮文浩,男,1995年出生,福建福安人,硕士研究生,主要从事作物栽培与生理生态。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市甘肃农业大学,E-mail：805471475@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业特色油料产业技术体系专项“养分管理与高效施肥岗位”(CARS-14-1-16);甘肃农业大学伏羲杰出人才培育计划“伏羲杰出人才项目”(Gaufx-02J05);甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学重点实验室主任基金“胡麻轮作系统不同粒级土壤团聚体与氮素转化利用关联机制”(GSCS-2020-Z6);甘肃农业大学盛彤笙科技创新基金“生根粉对胡麻根系抗倒伏特性的调控机理研究”(GSAU-STS-1608)

Regulatory Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Separate Roots on the Interspecific Relationship and Intercropping Dominance in Oilseed Flax/Soybean Intercropping System

Ruan Wenhao1(), Gao Yuhong1(), Wu Bing2, Yan Bin1, Wang Yifan1, Cui Zhengjun1, Zhao Bangqing1, Cao Zhi1   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University/ Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop, Lanzhou 730070
    2College of Life Sciences and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2020-09-28 Revised:2021-03-25 Online:2021-05-05 Published:2021-05-18
  • Contact: Gao Yuhong

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摘要：

为合理利用氮肥和隔根模式技术优化间作作物种间关系,进一步发挥种间优势提供理论依据,以胡麻间作大豆为研究对象,采用盆栽试验,研究不施氮(N0)和施15N 80 mg/kg(N80),根系完全分离(T1)、根系不分离(T2)、根系尼龙网分离(T3)3种隔根模式对胡麻/大豆间作优劣势和种间竞争力的影响。结果表明,间作胡麻干物质积累量在各处理间无显著差异,间作大豆全生育期干物质积累量表现为N80显著高于N0处理。间作胡麻单株有效蒴果数、每果粒数、千粒重和籽粒产量均在N80T2处理下最大,其中,籽粒产量较其他处理显著高出41.94%~137.84%。间作大豆根瘤数为N0>N80,单株结荚数、每荚粒数和百粒重均为N80T2处理最大,籽粒产量则为N80T3处理最大,但与N80T2处理差异不显著,较其他处理显著高出4.33%~13.99%。所有处理的土地当量比(LER)均大于2,N80T2时最大。不同施氮模式下,T2处理的种间竞争力表现为胡麻强于大豆(AF>0,CRF>1),T3处理则恰好相反(AF<0,CRF<1)。说明胡麻/大豆间作体系中施15N 80 mg/kg、根系不分离有利于协调胡麻和大豆种间关系,促进作物增产。

关键词: 胡麻, 大豆, 干物质积累, 土地当量比, 种间竞争力, 籽粒产量

Abstract:

The paper aims to optimize the interspecific relationship of intercropping crops by rational using nitrogen fertilizer and root separation model technology, for further exerting interspecific advantages. The pot experiment was adopted to study the effects on advantages and disadvantages, and interspecific competitiveness under different nitrogen fertilization modes including no nitrogen application(N0) and 15N 80 mg/kg (N80) and different root systems including completely separated(T1), root system no separation(T2) and root system separated by nylon net(T3) in oilseed flax/soybean intercropping system. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of oilseed flax had no significant difference among different treatments. The dry matter accumulation of soybean in whole growth period under the treatment of N80 was significantly higher than that of N0 treatment. The effective pod number per plant, seed number per pod, 1000-grain weight and grain yield of oilseed flax under N80T2 treatment were the highest. Among them, the grain yield was 41.94%-137.84% higher than that of other treatments. The nodule number of soybean was N0>N80. The pod number per plant, the seed number per pod and the 100-grain weight were the highest under N80T2 treatment. The grain yield of N80T3 treatment was the highest and 4.33%-13.99% higher than that of other treatments, and its difference with N80T2 treatment was significant. The land equivalent ratio of all treatments was greater than 2, and it was the maximum under N80T2 treatment. The interspecific competitiveness under the T2 treatment showed that oilseed flax was stronger than soybean (AF>0, CRF>1), but it was the opposite under T3 treatment (AF<0, CRF<1). The results indicate that the application of 15N 80 mg/kg and non-separation of roots in oilseed flax/soybean intercropping system is beneficial to coordinate the inter-specific relationship between oilseed flax and soybean, and it can promote the crop grain yield.

Key words: flax, soybean, dry matter accumulation, land equivalence ratio, interspecific competitiveness, grain yield

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