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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (17): 51-57.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0466

所属专题: 资源与环境 玉米 小麦 烟草种植与生产

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米秸秆基纤维素保水剂对土壤持水性能及冬小麦根系生长的影响

范震(), 丁新惠, 赵丹, 孙宇, 齐泓瑜, 蒋永芳, 田晓飞()   

  1. 聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城 252000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-15 修回日期:2020-12-08 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 田晓飞
  • 作者简介:范震,男,1996年出生,山东泰安人,在读硕士,主要从事旱地农田水肥高效利用研究。通信地址:252000 山东省聊城市东昌府区聊城大学东校区,Tel:0635-8239623,E-mail:clannadyst@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“基于15N示踪的包膜尿素对棉田土壤氨挥发的影响研究”(41807092);山东省高等学校科学技术计划“包膜尿素水氮耦合对棉田土壤氨挥发的影响研究”(J18KA173);聊城大学博士基金“保水型缓控释肥料研发及其养分释放机制研究”(318051839)

Effects of Maize Straw Cellulose-based Super Absorbent Polymer on Soil Water Retention Capacity and Root Growth of Wheat

Fan Zhen(), Ding Xinhui, Zhao Dan, Sun Yu, Qi Hongyu, Jiang Yongfang, Tian Xiaofei()   

  1. School of Environment and Planning, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng Shandong 252000
  • Received:2020-09-15 Revised:2020-12-08 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-29
  • Contact: Tian Xiaofei

摘要:

为探讨自制的玉米秸秆基纤维素保水剂(SAP)在农业生产上的应用潜力,利用扫描电镜表征了SAP吸水前后形貌变化,探究了SAP施用量对土壤持水性能和不同程度水分胁迫下冬小麦根系生长的影响。结果表明:SAP在土壤中吸水膨胀后降低了土壤容重,土壤最大水分含量较不施SAP显著提高19.1%~67.6%,同时降低了前3天土壤水分蒸发速率。轻度(60%~70%田间持水量)和中度(40%~50%田间持水量)水分胁迫下,施用0.4% w/w SAP处理冬小麦总根长提高15.9%和24.7%,根系活力提高29.6%和43.5%,但充足供水(75%~90%田间持水量)时施用SAP对冬小麦根系活力无显著影响。因此,玉米秸秆基纤维素保水剂施入土壤后能够改善土壤持水性能,从而缓解水分胁迫对冬小麦根系生长的抑制效应。

关键词: 保水剂, 水分胁迫, 冬小麦, 根系, 干物质量

Abstract:

To study the utilization potentiality of maize straw cellulose-based super absorbent polymer (SAP) in agricultural production, the structures of SAP before and after water absorption were characterized. Meanwhile, the effects of SAP application on soil water retention capacity and root growth of wheat under water stress was studied. The results showed that the swelling of SAP decreased soil bulk density, increased soil maximum water content by 19.1% to 67.6% compared to the treatment without SAP, while decreased the evaporation rate in the first 3 days. Under mild (60%-70% of soil water retention capacity) and moderate (40%-50% of soil water retention capacity) water stress, the root length with 0.4% w/w SAP application increased by 15.9% and 24.7%, while the root activity increased by 29.6% and 43.5%, respectively, compared with those without SAP. However, no significant difference of root activity and root biomass were observed under well-watered condition (75%-90% of soil water retention capacity). In summary, the SAP with excellent water retention capacity is effective in promoting the root growth of wheat, and could relieve the inhibiting effect of water stress on winter wheat root growth.

Key words: super absorbent polymer, water stress, winter wheat, root, amount of dry matter

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