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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 19-25.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0413

所属专题： 生物技术； 油料作物； 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

灌溉制度对甜瓜/向日葵间作系统叶片水分状况和水分利用效率的影响

刘斌1,2(), 魏慧3, 寇燕燕2, 陈年来3(), 颉建明1()   

  1. 1甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州 730070
    2甘肃省景泰川电力提灌水资源利用中心,甘肃白银 730400
    3甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-16 修回日期:2021-08-05 出版日期:2022-01-15 发布日期:2022-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈年来,颉建明
  • 作者简介:刘斌,男,1989年出生,甘肃景泰人,在读硕士,研究方向：蔬菜栽培生理与技术。通信地址：730400 甘肃省白银市景泰县景泰川电力提灌水资源利用中心,E-mail： liubin3626570@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省水利科技项目“瓜葵间作高水效立体种植技术及灌溉制度研究”(GS31340020)

Effects of Irrigation System on Leaf Water Status and Water Use Efficiency of Melon/Sunflower Intercropping System

LIU Bin1,2(), WEI Hui3, KOU Yanyan2, CHEN Nianlai3(), XIE Jianming1()   

  1. 1College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    2Gansu Jingtaichuang Irrigation Water Resources Utilization Center, Baiyin, Gansu 730400
    3College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2021-04-16 Revised:2021-08-05 Online:2022-01-15 Published:2022-02-25
  • Contact: CHEN Nianlai,XIE Jianming

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摘要：

为优化甜瓜/向日葵间作模式节水灌溉关键技术,提高绿洲灌区灌溉水分利用效率。试验以甜瓜和向日葵为试材,研究9种灌溉制度下甜瓜/向日葵间作系统和2种作物单作的叶片水分状况和水分利用效率。结果表明,甜瓜/向日葵间作系统的水分效率显著高于甜瓜单作和向日葵单作,分别提高30.3%和107.8%,间作显著提高了甜瓜成熟期叶片的水分饱和亏,对相对含水量无显著影响,却降低了向日葵开花期和成熟期叶片的相对含水量和水分饱和亏。间作不同灌溉次数下,灌水8次和灌水9次有利于提高间作系统的水分利用效率。间作不同灌水定额下,灌水8次和灌水9次处理下,灌水定额为225 m3/hm2的水分利用效率显著高于灌水定额为450 m3/hm2、和300 m3/hm2,分别提高47.8%、21.4%和37.6%、31.0%。间作不同间作灌溉次数下,灌水7次有利于提高甜瓜成熟期叶片的相对含水量,灌水8次有利于提高甜瓜成熟期叶片水分饱和亏和向日葵成熟期叶片水分饱和亏,灌溉次数对向日葵叶片相对含水量无显著影响。间作不同灌水定额下,灌水定额为225 m3/hm2有利于提高甜瓜叶片的相对含水量、水分饱和亏和向日葵叶片的相对含水量,灌溉定额对向日葵叶片水分饱和亏无显著影响。在河西绿洲灌区甜瓜/向日葵间作系统条件下获得较高水分利用效率和改善叶片水分状况较适宜的灌溉制度为全生育期灌水8次、灌水定额225 m3/hm2。

关键词: 灌溉制度, 甜瓜/向日葵间作, 叶片相对含水量, 水分利用效率

Abstract:

To optimize the water-saving irrigation technology of melon/sunflower intercropping mode, and improve irrigation water use efficiency in the oasis area, a field experiment comprising monoculture and intercropping of two crops (melon and sunflower) was conducted under nine irrigation systems to study the leaf water status and water use efficiency. The results showed that the water efficiency of the intercropping system was significantly higher than that of the melon and sunflower monoculture, increasing by 30.3% and 107.8%, respectively. Intercropping significantly increased the water saturation deficit of melon leaves at maturity stage and had no significant effect on relative water content, but reduced the relative water content and water saturation deficit of sunflower leaves at flowering and maturity stages. Under different irrigation times of intercropping, 8 times of irrigation and 9 times of irrigation were beneficial to improving the water use efficiency of the intercropping system. Under different irrigation quotas, the water use efficiency of the irrigation quota of 225 m3/hm2 was significantly higher than that of 450 m3/hm2 and 300 m3/hm2 under the 8-time and 9-time treatments with an increase of 47.8 % and 21.4% and 37.6% and 31.0%, respectively. Under different intercropping irrigation times, 7 times irrigation was helpful to increasing the relative water content of melon leaves at maturity stage, and 8 times irrigation was helpful to increasing the water saturation deficit of both melon leaves and sunflower leaves at maturity stage, while the intercropping irrigation times had no significant effect on relative water content. Under different irrigation quotas for intercropping, the irrigation quota of 225 m3/hm2 was beneficial to increasing the relative water content and water saturation deficit of melon leaves and relative water content of sunflower leaves, but the irrigation quota had no significant effect on sunflower leaf water saturation deficit. Under the melon/sunflower intercropping system in the Hexi oasis region, the more suitable irrigation system is to irrigate 8 times during the whole growth period with the water quota of 225 m3/hm2.

Key words: irrigation system, melon/sunflower intercropping, relative water content of leaf, water use efficiency

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