中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (16): 83-91.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17050097
徐同庆,徐宜民,王程栋,刘光亮,董建新,王树声,陶健,陈爱国
收稿日期:
2017-05-23
修回日期:
2017-07-25
接受日期:
2017-08-24
出版日期:
2018-06-06
发布日期:
2018-06-06
通讯作者:
徐宜民
基金资助:
徐宜民,,,,,陶健 and 陈爱国
Received:
2017-05-23
Revised:
2017-07-25
Accepted:
2017-08-24
Online:
2018-06-06
Published:
2018-06-06
摘要: 1980~2009间,中国农业区域年降水总量和年蒸散总量间的差额明显增大,农田水分需求增加,水分利用效率(WUE)是研究水分平衡的关键基础,因此综述WUE时空特征及其驱动机理,能够为不同农业区农田水分供需平衡管理提供理论支持。已有研究表明,中国农田生态系统WUE具有明显的时空差异,空间上总体呈现北高南低、东高西低的特征,时间上,北方农田WUE呈增加趋势,而南方地区相反;降水、气温、辐射等环境因子主要通过蒸散和总初级生产力的动态变化间接影响WUE,作物自身结构和遗传因素主要通过影响冠层和根系水、碳交换能力直接决定WUE的大小,而合理的栽培、灌溉及施肥方式能够提高降水的利用率、减少灌溉水损耗、改善群体光合性能,从而提高WUE。结合WUE的时空特征和变异机理,提高作物吸水特性、降低灌溉水损耗对于北方地区农田WUE的提高具有重要意义,而协调降水的季节分配、减少蒸散量和地表径流量是改善南方地区农田WUE的关键手段。
徐同庆,徐宜民,王程栋,刘光亮,董建新,王树声,陶健,陈爱国. 中国农田生态系统水分利用效率的格局与成因[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(16): 83-91.
徐宜民,,,,,陶健 and 陈爱国. Pattern of Agroecosystem Water Use Efficiency and Its Formation Causes in China[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2018, 34(16): 83-91.
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