甜菜抗非生物胁迫研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0483

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究主要从旱涝、盐碱、高低温以及土壤重金属污染4方面综述了非生物胁迫对甜菜生长发育、生理生化及分子水平的影响。研究发现甜菜在非生物胁迫下净光合速率下降,渗透调节物质浓度改变,活性氧代谢物质含量产生变化,生长发育受到影响;甜菜抗水分胁迫基因包括PSC5、PSCR、2-cysprx、NADK、cprx1、AVP1、Bv-txas等,MYB转录因子和NAC转录因子也在非生物胁迫中起重要作用;甜菜M14品系具有抗旱、耐盐等优良特性。WRKY家族转录因子、BvM14-Tpx、BvM14-CCoAOMT等基因、过氧化酶BvpAPX及各类盐应答蛋白质在抵抗盐胁迫中起促进作用;甜菜抗高低温研究较少,研究表明低温胁迫产生了甜菜抽薹基因的差异表达,甜菜SbSEC14基因在逆境条件下起到信号传导的功能;甜菜抗重金属胁迫研究进展近些年发展迅速,BvGS、BvMTP11、BvHIPP24、BvGST基因陆续被克隆。本研究提出今后应进一步加强甜菜抗非生物胁迫机制及应用的挖掘与创新;充分挖掘野生种中DREB基因,通过转基因技术培育抗逆性强的甜菜品种（系）;在单一逆境研究基础上,进一步开展多逆境条件下的抗逆研究;在生产上应用外源调控物、抗氧化剂、硅等抵御非生物胁迫对甜菜的生长发育影响。

关键词: 甜菜, 水分, 干旱, 盐碱, 温度, 重金属污染, 非生物胁迫

Abstract:

In this paper, the effects of abiotic stress on the growth and development, physiological and biochemical characteristics and molecular level of sugar beet were reviewed from four aspects: drought and flood, salinity and alkali, high and low temperature and soil heavy metal pollution. The results show that under abiotic stress, the net photosynthetic rate of sugar beet decreases, the concentration of osmotic regulation substances changes, the content of active oxygen metabolites alters, and the growth and development of sugar beet are affected. Sugar beet water stress resistance genes include PSC5, PSCR, 2-cysprx, NADK, cprx1, AVP1, Bv-txas and etc., MYB transcription factors and NAC transcription factors also play an important role in abiotic stress resistance. Beet M14 strain has excellent characteristics of drought resistance and salt tolerance. WRKY family transcription factors, BvM14-Tpx, BvM14-CCoAOMT and other genes, peroxidase BvpAPX and various salt response proteins play promoting roles in salt stress resistance. There are few studies on the resistance of sugar beet to high and low temperature. Studies show that low temperature stress produces differential expression of bolting gene in sugar beet. SbSEC14 gene also plays a signal transduction function under stress conditions. The research on sugar beet resistance to heavy metal stress has developed rapidly in recent years, the BvGS, BvMTP11, BvHIPP24 and BvGST genes have been cloned successively. This paper suggests that the mechanism of anti-abiotic stress in sugar beet and its application should be further explored and innovated in the future. Fully excavating DREB gene in wild species and breeding beet varieties (lines) with strong stress resistance through transgenic technology should be conducted. On the basis of the study of single stress, the study of stress resistance under multiple stresses should be further carried out. In production, exogenous regulators, antioxidants and silicon should be used to resist the effects of abiotic stress on the growth and development of sugar beet.

Key words: sugar beet, moisture, drought, salinity and alkali, temperature, heavy metal pollution, abiotic stress of sugar beet.

中图分类号:

S566.3

贾也纯, 陈润仪, 贺泽霖, 倪洪涛. 甜菜抗非生物胁迫研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(9): 33-40.

JIA Yechun, CHEN Runyi, HE Zelin, NI Hongtao. Abiotic Stress on Sugar Beet: Research Progress[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(9): 33-40.

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