工厂化杏鲍菇菌渣生物炭制备及质量评价

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0312

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 71-79.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0312

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

工厂化杏鲍菇菌渣生物炭制备及质量评价

关体坤¹(), 刘子璐², 李小玉¹, 王建立¹, 侯霜影¹, 刘栩杉¹, 徐诗毅², 陈青君¹, 张国庆¹()

¹ 北京农学院植物科学技术学院，农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室，北京 102206
² 北京农学院生物与资源环境学院，北京 102206

收稿日期:2022-04-20 修回日期:2022-10-13 出版日期:2023-01-25 发布日期:2023-02-01
作者简介:
关体坤，男，1996年生，河南信阳人，研究生在读，研究方向：菌渣资源化利用。通信地址：102206 北京昌平回龙观镇北农路7号，Tel：17600183516，E-mail：gtk961103@163.com。
基金资助:
现代农业产业技术体系北京市食用菌创新团队(BAIC05-2019); 2021年北京农学院学位与研究生教育改革发展项目“杏鲍菇菌渣生物炭的制备及其生菜育苗基质应用研究”(2021YJS031)

Biochar from Spent Mushroom Substrate of Industrial Pleurotus eryngii: Preparation Process and Quality Evaluation

GUAN Tikun¹(), LIU Zilu², LI Xiaoyu¹, WANG Jianli¹, HOU Shuangying¹, LIU Xushan¹, XU Shiyi², CHEN Qingjun¹, ZHANG Guoqing¹()

¹ College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206
² College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206

Received:2022-04-20 Revised:2022-10-13 Online:2023-01-25 Published:2023-02-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了更好地利用菌渣制备稳定、优质的生物炭，以12种不同原料配方工厂化杏鲍菇菌渣为材料，建立高温裂解生物炭制备工艺，利用孔雀石绿吸附能力对生物炭进行快速质量评价。12种菌渣理化性质表现出一定差异。以X₀组菌渣为材料，12种处理炭得率为26.00%~47.17%，且随着温度升高而降低。综合炭得率、孔雀石绿吸附率和能耗，确定400℃、2.5 h为菌渣生物炭最适制备条件。以该条件制备的11种菌渣生物炭各组间炭得率无显著差异，对400 mg/L孔雀石绿2 h吸附率均达到95%以上，表明具有良好的孔隙度和吸附效果。本研究建立了一种菌渣生物炭制备工艺和评价方法，为工厂化菌渣生物炭化利用提供理论和实践依据。

关键词: 工厂化杏鲍菇, 菌渣, 理化性质, 生物炭制备工艺, 质量评价

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to make better use of the spent mushroom substrate (SMS) to prepare stable and high-quality biochar. 12 kinds of SMS of industrial Pleurotus eryngii with different raw material formulae were used as materials to establish the biochar preparation process of pyrolysis method, and the adsorption capacity of malachite green was used for rapid quality evaluation of biochar. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of the 12 kinds of SMS showed some differences. The carbon yield of the 12 treatments using the X₀ group of SMS as the material ranged from 26.00% to 47.17%, and decreased with temperature increase. The optimal preparation condition for SMS biochar was determined to be 400℃ and 2.5 h based on the carbon yield, malachite green adsorption rate and energy consumption. The carbon yields of the other 11 kinds of SMS under the optimal condition showed no significant difference, and the adsorption rates to malachite green at 400 mg/L reached more than 95% for 2 h. It indicated that the produced biochar had good porosity and adsorption effect. In this study, the preparation process and evaluation method of SMS biochar were established, which could provide theoretical and practical basis for utilizing biochar prepared from SMS of industrial Pleurotus eryngii.

Key words: industrial Pleurotus eryngii, spent mushroom substrate, physicochemical properties, preparation process of biochar, quality evaluation

关体坤, 刘子璐, 李小玉, 王建立, 侯霜影, 刘栩杉, 徐诗毅, 陈青君, 张国庆. 工厂化杏鲍菇菌渣生物炭制备及质量评价[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(3): 71-79.

GUAN Tikun, LIU Zilu, LI Xiaoyu, WANG Jianli, HOU Shuangying, LIU Xushan, XU Shiyi, CHEN Qingjun, ZHANG Guoqing. Biochar from Spent Mushroom Substrate of Industrial Pleurotus eryngii: Preparation Process and Quality Evaluation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(3): 71-79.

图/表 6

参考文献 29

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原料	含量/%
原料	X₀	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁
木屑	21	21	0	10.5	21	10.5	0	21	21	21	21	21
甘蔗渣	21	0	21	21	10.5	10.5	0	21	21	21	21	21
芦苇	0	21	21	10.5	10.5	21	42	0	0	0	0	0
麦麸	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4
玉米芯	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4
棉籽壳	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	0	0	0	0	0
棉籽粉	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4
玉米粉	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6
豆粕粉	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2
石灰	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
石膏	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
纳米腐殖质	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	5	8	12	15

原料	含量/%
原料	X₀	X₁	X₂	X₃	X₄	X₅	X₆	X₇	X₈	X₉	X₁₀	X₁₁
木屑	21	21	0	10.5	21	10.5	0	21	21	21	21	21
甘蔗渣	21	0	21	21	10.5	10.5	0	21	21	21	21	21
芦苇	0	21	21	10.5	10.5	21	42	0	0	0	0	0
麦麸	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4
玉米芯	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4	18.4
棉籽壳	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	0	0	0	0	0
棉籽粉	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.4
玉米粉	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6	6.6
豆粕粉	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.4	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2	8.2
石灰	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
石膏	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
纳米腐殖质	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	5	8	12	15

处理组	温度/℃	时间/h
T₁	300	2
T₂	300	2.5
T₃	300	3
T₄	400	2
T₅	400	2.5
T₆	400	3
T₇	500	2
T₈	500	2.5
T₉	500	3
T₁₀	600	2
T₁₁	600	2.5
T₁₂	600	3

处理组	温度/℃	时间/h
T₁	300	2
T₂	300	2.5
T₃	300	3
T₄	400	2
T₅	400	2.5
T₆	400	3
T₇	500	2
T₈	500	2.5
T₉	500	3
T₁₀	600	2
T₁₁	600	2.5
T₁₂	600	3

工厂化杏鲍菇菌渣生物炭制备及质量评价

Biochar from Spent Mushroom Substrate of Industrial Pleurotus eryngii: Preparation Process and Quality Evaluation

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