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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 31-37.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0337

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

定植密度对朝天椒农艺性状及产量的影响

布卡·欧尔娜(), 宋梅(), 黄敏, 毛鹏志, 杜晶, 张亚楠   

  1. 新疆生产建设兵团第七师农业科学研究所,新疆奎屯 833200
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-06 修回日期:2022-11-10 出版日期:2023-04-05 发布日期:2023-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 宋梅,女,1973年出生,新疆奎屯人,高级农艺师,硕士,主要从事园艺作物育种与栽培研究。通信地址:833200 新疆奎屯市乌鲁木齐东路97号 第七师农业科学研究所,Tel:0992-3290358,E-mail:1599850306@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:

    布卡·欧尔娜,女,1988年出生,新疆奎屯人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事园艺作物育种与栽培研究。通信地址:833200 新疆奎屯市乌鲁木齐东路97号 第七师农业科学研究所,Tel:0992-3230920,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    新疆生产建设兵团第七师胡杨河市财政科技计划项目“朝天椒新品种引进及优质丰产栽培技术研究”(2020C09)

Effect of Planting Density on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Chili Pepper

BUKA Ouerna(), SONG Mei(), HUANG Min, MAO Pengzhi, DU Jing, ZHANG Yanan   

  1. Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps 7th Division Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Kuitun, Xinjiang 833200
  • Received:2022-05-06 Revised:2022-11-10 Online:2023-04-05 Published:2023-03-27

摘要:

通过朝天椒不同品种定植密度试验,探讨新疆奎屯垦区朝天椒高产栽培最佳定植密度。以奎屯垦区主栽的‘艳椒一号’、‘艳椒808’、‘艳椒52’、‘艳椒408’4个品种朝天椒为研究对象,通过6个定植密度试验,研究不同定植密度对朝天椒生长发育时期、植株性状、叶面积指数及产量的影响。朝天椒始花期、结果期、始收期随着定植密度的增加而延迟0~6 d,终收期却随着定植密度的增加而提前0~9 d,株高随着定植密度的增加而增加,茎粗、分枝数、开展度随着定植密度的增加而减少。在本试验定植密度范围内,4个朝天椒品种单株结果个数、椒果纵径、椒果横径、单果鲜质量、单果干质量、单株干椒质量均随着定植密度的增加而减少,叶面积指数随着定植密度的增加而增加。在2.5万~6.5万株/hm2定植密度范围内,4个品种朝天椒均在定植密度为4.8万株/hm2时产量最高。定植密度与产量呈二次曲线关系,‘艳椒一号’最佳定植密度为4.87万株/hm2,最佳产量为9304.74 kg/hm2;‘艳椒808’最佳定植密度为4.97万株/hm2,最佳产量为9787.95 kg/hm2;‘艳椒52’最佳定植密度为4.78万株/hm2,最佳产量为8565.07 kg/hm2;‘艳椒408’最佳定植密度为4.80万株/hm2,最佳产量为8012.09 kg/hm2,与各处理田间测得的实际产量吻合。

关键词: 朝天椒, 品种, 定植密度, 农艺性状, 产量

Abstract:

By studying the effect of planting density on different varieties of chili pepper, we aim to investigate the optimal planting density of chili pepper in Kuitun of Xinjiang. ‘Yanjiao No.1’, ‘Yanjiao No.808’, ‘Yanjiao No.52’, ‘Yanjiao No.408’, which are main chilly pepper varieties in Kutun, were used as test materials, and the effects of different planting densities on growth period, plant characters, leaf area coefficient and yield of chili pepper were studied. With the increase of the planting density, the initial flowering period, fruiting period and harvest beginning period of chili pepper were delayed by 0-6 days, but the final harvest period was earlier by 0-9 days. The plant height increased with the increase of the planting density, while the stem diameter, branch number and spreading degree decreased with the increase of the planting density. In the range of the planting density of this study, the fruit number per plant, fruit longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter, fresh weight per fruit, dry weight per fruit and dry pepper weight per plant of the 4 varieties decreased with the increase of the planting density. The leaf area coefficient increased with the increase of the planting density. In the range of 25000-65000 plants/hm2, the highest yield of the 4 varieties was obtained when the planting density was 48000 plants/hm2. The relationship between the planting density and yield showed a quadratic curve. The optimum planting density of ‘Yanjiao No.1’ was 48700 plants/hm2, and its optimum yield was 9304.74 kg/hm2. The optimum planting density of ‘Yanjiao No.808’ was 49700 plants/hm2, and its optimum yield was 9787.95 kg/hm2. The optimum planting density of ‘Yanjiao No.52’ was 47800 plants/hm2, and its optimum yield was 8565.07 kg/hm2. The optimum planting density of ‘Yanjiao No.408’ was 48000 plants/hm2, and its optimum yield was 8012.09 kg/hm2, which is consistent with the actual yield measured in field.

Key words: chili pepper, variety, planting density, agronomic traits, yield