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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (29): 39-45.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0181

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

东北黑土区生物结皮对土壤微生物量的影响

蔡雅琪(), 包天莉(), 焦晓光()   

  1. 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-01 修回日期:2023-06-29 出版日期:2023-10-15 发布日期:2023-10-11
  • 通讯作者: 包天莉,女,1989年出生,内蒙古通辽人,讲师,博士,主要从事土壤微生物的研究。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,Tel:0451-86609487,E-mail:2020048@hlju.edu.cn;<焦晓光,女,1976年出生,山东莱州人,教授,博士,主要从事黑土生态及植物营养的研究。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,Tel:0451-86609487,E-mail:2004086@hlju.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:

    蔡雅琪,女,1998年出生,福建漳州人,硕士,研究方向:土壤微生物。通信地址:150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,Tel:0451-86609487,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省科技厅优秀青年项目:“东北黑土区农田生物结皮形成对土壤微生物功能多样性的影响及作用机制”(JJ2023YX0059)

Effects of Biological Soil Crusts on Soil Microbial Biomass in Black Soil Region of Northeast China

CAI Yaqi(), BAO Tianli(), JIAO Xiaoguang()   

  1. College of Modern Agriculture and Eco-environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2023-03-01 Revised:2023-06-29 Published-:2023-10-15 Online:2023-10-11

摘要:

生物结皮的发育显著影响土壤生态功能,但前期研究多集中于干旱半干旱地区,关于寒区生物结皮的研究鲜见报道。通过探究农田土壤生物结皮形成对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响,阐明生物结皮形成对农田土壤微生物的影响机制,为东北黑土区农田土壤的土地管理和土壤质量评价提供科学依据。本研究以土壤微生物为指示物,通过野外调查结合室内分析,以东北黑土区典型中厚层黑土的结皮土壤为研究对象,裸土为对照,分析0~2 cm(含结皮)、2~5 cm和5~10 cm土层土壤的生物结皮发育对土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)和磷(MBP)的影响。结果表明:生物结皮发育对MBC、MBN、MBP影响显著,且结皮土壤微生物生物量显著高于裸土。在0~2 cm土层,MBC、MBN、MBP分别是裸土的1.3、1.2、4.5倍;在2~5 cm土层,与裸土相比,结皮土壤MBN、MBP增加了24.0%和59.7%,MBC无显著差异;对于5~10 cm土层,结皮土壤MBC、MBN、MBP含量分别高出裸土26.4、1.8、1.8 mg/kg。冗余分析结果显示,全磷、全钾、全氮、速效钾、有机质与MBC、MBN、MBP显著相关,表明土壤养分的变化是影响土壤微生物生物量变化的关键作用因子。结论:与裸土相比,农田土壤生物结皮的发育显著提高了土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的含量。本研究证实了生物结皮的形成显著提高了东北黑土区农田土壤肥力,从而进一步促进了土壤微生物生物量的提高。

关键词: 东北黑土区, 生物结皮, 土壤微生物生物量, 农田, 土壤质量

Abstract:

The biological soil crusts (biocrusts) have significant impacts on soil ecological functions. However, previous studies had primarily focused on arid and semi-arid regions, and there were few reports on biocrusts in cold regions. By exploring the effects of biocrusts on soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, we aimed to clarify the influence and mechanism of biocrusts on soil microorganisms in farmland. The study would provide a scientific basis for land management and soil quality assessment in the black soil region of Northeast China. In this study, we used soil microorganisms as an indicator, and the biocrusts of the typical medium-thick black soils as object of study with the bare soil as control. Through field investigation combined with laboratory analysis, the effects of biocrusts on soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN) and phosphorus (MBP) in the 0-2 cm (including biocrusted soil), 2-5 cm and 5-10 cm soil layers were analyzed. The results showed that the biocrusts significantly affected MBC, MBN, and MBP, the soil microbial biomass in biocrusted soil significantly higher than that of the bare soil. In the 0-2 cm soil layer, MBC, MBN, and MBP were 1.3, 1.2 and 4.5 times higher than that of bare soil, respectively; in the 2-5 cm soil layer, compared to bare soil, MBN and MBP in biocrusted soil increased by 24.0% and 59.7%, respectively, while MBC had no significant differences between the biocrusted soil and bare soil. For the 5-10 cm soil layer, MBC, MBN, and MBP in biocrusted soil were 26.4, 1.8 and 1.8 mg/kg higher than that of bare soil, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the total phosphorus, total potassium, total nitrogen, available potassium, and organic matter were notably correlated with MBC, MBN, and MBP, indicating that the soil nutrients were key factors driving the changes of soil microbial biomass. In conclusion, the biocrusts in farmland soil significantly enhance the content of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus compared to bare soil. The study confirmed that the biocrusts markedly improved the fertility of farmland soil in the black soil region of Northeast China, further promoting the increases of soil microbial biomass.

Key words: black soil region of Northeast China, biological soil crusts, soil microbial biomass, farmland, soil quality