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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (36): 22-27.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0024

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同缓释肥组配对豫南再生稻生长及产量的影响

余贵龙1(), 刘祥臣1(), 张强2, 丰大清1, 赵海英1, 谷孟轩1, 孙全东3, 王斌4, 熊渠5   

  1. 1 信阳市农业科学院，河南信阳 464000
    2 河南城建学院生命科学院，河南平顶山 225009
    3 信阳市农村经济信息中心，河南信阳 464000
    4 六安市农业科学研究院，安徽六安 237000
    5 孝感市农业科学院，湖北孝感 432100
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-22 修回日期:2023-03-01 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2023-12-20
  • 通讯作者:
    刘祥臣，男，1965年出生，研究员，本科，主要从事农业科研管理与作物栽培工作。通信地址：464000 河南省信阳市浉河区河南路20号 信阳市农业科学院，Tel：0376-6693958，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    余贵龙，男，1987年出生，助理研究员，本科，研究方向：水稻栽培。通信地址：464000 河南省信阳市浉河区河南路20号 信阳市农业科学院，Tel：0376-6691703，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“河南省水稻产业技术信阳综合试验站”(HARS-22-03-Z02); 河南省重点研发与推广专项“豫南再生稻提质增效关键技术研究与应用”(232102110035); 河南省重点研发与推广专项“豫南再生稻节水减氮绿色高效栽培模式创新与应用”(232102110043)

Effects of Different Slow-release Fertilizer Groups on Growth and Yield of Regenerative Rice in Southern Henan

YU Guilong1(), LIU Xiangchen1(), ZHANG Qiang2, FENG Daqing1, ZHAO Haiying1, GU Mengxuan1, SUN Quandong3, WANG Bin4, XIONG Qu5   

  1. 1 Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang, Henan 464000
    2 College of Life Sciences, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, Henan 225009
    3 Xinyang Rural Economic Information Center, Xinyang, Henan 464000
    4 Lu'an Agricultural Science Research Institute, Lu'an, Anhui 237000
    5 Xiaogan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiaogan, Hubei 432100
  • Received:2022-12-22 Revised:2023-03-01 Published-:2023-12-20 Online:2023-12-20

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摘要：

通过使用不同组配的缓控释肥，探讨豫南再生稻轻简化栽培技术的可行性及产量形成原因。结果表明：不同处理下，头季稻增产的主要因素是通过穗粒肥提高了头季稻总颖花量；再生季增产的主要因素是通过促芽肥提高了再生季的叶面积指数和干物质量来提高再生率。精确定量施肥条件下，由于肥料施入及时合理，两季总产量、氮肥贡献率均为最高。新型再生稻专用肥在头季稻生长期分两次施肥，分别作基蘖肥和穗芽肥施入，少施2次肥，两季总产量为13.9 t/hm2，较精确定量施肥产量减少1055 kg/hm2，人工及肥料成本较精确定量施肥减少990元/hm2，净收入较精确定量施肥减少1478元/hm2，较精确定量施肥仅低3.5%。可根据当地的用工情况使用新型再生稻套餐肥，最终达到稳产增收的目的。

关键词: 再生稻, 缓控释肥, 轻简化, 产量

Abstract:

The feasibility of light and simplified cultivation technology of ratooning rice in southern Henan and the reasons for yield formation were discussed by applying different combinations of slow and controlled release fertilizers. The results showed that under different treatments, the main factor for the yield increase of the first season rice was to increase the total spikelet amount by panicle grain fertilizer; The main factor of increasing yield in the regeneration season was to improve the regeneration rate by improving the leaf area index and dry matter quality in the regeneration season through bud promoting fertilizer. Under the condition of precise and quantitative fertilization, due to the timely and reasonable application of fertilizer, the total yield and nitrogen contribution rate of the two seasons were the highest. The new special fertilizer for ratooning rice was applied twice in the first season of rice growth, and applied as basal tiller fertilizer and ear bud fertilizer respectively. The total yield of the two seasons was 13.9 t/hm2, which was 1055 kg/hm2 lower than that of precise quantitative fertilization. The cost of labor and fertilizer was 990 yuan/hm2 lower than that of precise quantitative fertilization. The net income was 1478 yuan/hm2 lower than that of precise quantitative fertilization, which was only 3.5% lower than that of precise quantitative fertilization. According to the local employment situation, the new type of ratooning rice set fertilizer could be used to achieve the goal of stabilizing production and increasing income.

Key words: ratooning rice, slow and controlled release fertilizer, light simplification, rice yield