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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (16): 28-34.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0705

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度对娃娃菜幼苗生长及光合生理特性的影响

鄂利锋1(), 姚芙蓉1, 陈修斌1, 权建华1, 华军2, 尹丽娟3, 赵文勤4   

  1. 1 河西学院农业与生态工程学院，甘肃张掖 734000
    2 张掖市经济作物技术推广站，甘肃张掖 734000
    3 临泽县农业技术推广中心，甘肃临泽 734200
    4 甘肃华美农业科技有限公司，甘肃张掖 734000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 修回日期:2025-04-21 出版日期:2025-06-05 发布日期:2025-06-05
  • 作者简介:

    鄂利锋，男，1970年出生，甘肃张掖人，副教授，硕士，主要从事蔬菜栽培与生理生态研究。通信地址：734000 甘肃省张掖市甘州区北环路846号 河西学院农业与生态工程学院，Tel：0936-8287127，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划（技术创新引导计划）项目“张掖市订单蔬菜绿色高效关键技术研究与示范”(24CXNG006); 甘肃省农业农村厅农业科技支撑项目“张掖市高原夏菜绿色高效生产关键技术集成与示范”(KJZC-2024-27)

Effects of Temperature on Growth, Physiology and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Brassica pekinensis Seedlings

E Lifeng1(), YAO Furong1, CHEN Xiubin1, QUAN Jianhua1, HUA Jun2, YIN Lijuan3, ZHAO Wenqin4   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu 734000
    2 Zhangye City Economic Crop Technology Extension Station, Zhangye, Gansu 734000
    3 Linze County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Linze, Gansu 734200
    4 Gansu Huamei Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Zhangye, Gansu 734000
  • Received:2024-11-18 Revised:2025-04-21 Published:2025-06-05 Online:2025-06-05

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摘要：

探析不同温度条件下娃娃菜幼苗的生长、生理及光合特性，以确定其最适生长温度范围。以‘耐寒金皇后’娃娃菜为试材，采用完全随机区组试验设计，设置0、5、10、15、20、25（对照）、30、35℃共8个温度处理，测定株高、根颈粗、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)等指标。结果表明，娃娃菜幼苗在0℃时植株开始死亡；5~15℃低温和30~35℃高温时娃娃菜株高、根颈粗增长缓慢；20℃时株高、根颈粗最大，长势良好，植株体内叶绿素含量、SOD活性、POD活性呈现出先增后降的趋势，MDA含量呈现先降后增的趋势。随着时间变化，娃娃菜的Tr、Gs、Pn和Ci呈上升趋势；在20℃时Pn达到最大，在35℃高温下娃娃菜幼苗Gs、Tr、Ci最大。温度低于20℃或高于25℃都会影响娃娃菜幼苗的生长，造成叶片酶活性下降，光合能力降低。综上，娃娃菜幼苗生长最适的温度范围为20~25℃，此范围内植株形态建成、生理代谢和光合性能表现最优。

关键词: 娃娃菜, 幼苗, 温度, 生理特性, 光合参数, 生长指标, 胁迫, 抗逆性

Abstract:

The growth, physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of Brassica pekinensis seedlings under different temperature conditions were analyzed to determine the optimal temperature range for their growth. Taking B. pekinensis ‘Cold-resistant Golden Empress’ as test material, a completely randomized block design was used to set up eight temperature treatments of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 (control), 30 and 35℃. The plant height, root diameter, chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were measured. The results showed that the seedlings began to die at 0℃. The plant height and root collar diameter increased slowly at 5-15℃ and 30-35℃. At 20℃, the plant height and root collar diameter were the largest, and the growth was good. The chlorophyll content, SOD activity and POD activity in the plant showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the MDA activity showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. With the change of time, Tr, Gs, Pn and Ci of B. pekinensis showed an upward trend. The Pn reached the maximum at 20℃, and the Gs, Tr and Ci of B. pekinensis seedlings were the largest at 35℃. Temperature lower than 20℃ or higher than 25℃ would affect the growth of B. pekinensis seedlings, resulting in a decrease in leaf enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity. The optimum temperature range for the growth of B. pekinensis seedlings was 20-25℃, and the plant morphogenesis, physiological metabolism and photosynthetic performance were the best in this range.

Key words: Brassica pekinensis, seedlings, temperature, physiological characteristics, photosynthetic parameters, growth index, duress, resistance