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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (25): 1-8.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0060

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

小麦新品种‘科兴3302’优质高产相关基因的检测与分析

吕春蕾1(), 郝爽1, 柏心彤1, 吴恩召1, 杨猛1, 曹朋波2, 王道文1(), 张坤普1()   

  1. 1 河南农业大学农学院/省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室/河南省作物基因组工程研究中心,郑州 450046
    2 河南黄河种业有限公司,河南新乡 453513
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-24 修回日期:2025-03-15 出版日期:2025-09-05 发布日期:2025-09-16
  • 通讯作者:
    张坤普,女,1970年出生,山东德州人,研究员,博士,研究方向:遗传学与分子育种。通信地址:450046 河南省郑州市郑东新区平安大道218号,E-mail:
    王道文,男,1965年出生,河南信阳人,研究员,博士,研究方向:植物基因组学与分子育种。通信地址:450046 河南省郑州市郑东新区平安大道218号,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    吕春蕾,女,1999年出生,硕士研究生,研究方向:遗传学与分子育种。通信地址:450046 河南省郑州市郑东新区平安大道218号,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    十四五国家重点研发项目“小麦强筋及弱筋专用品质的分子调控网络”(2021YFF1000203); 河南省农业良种联合攻关“优质高产多抗绿色高效小麦种质资源的创制和新品种选育与应用”(2022010104)

New Wheat Variety ‘Kexing 3302’: Detection and Analysis of High Quality and Yield Related Genes

LYU Chunlei1(), HAO Shuang1, BAI Xintong1, WU Enzhao1, YANG Meng1, CAO Pengbo2, WANG Daowen1(), ZHANG Kunpu1()   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/ Center for Crop Genome Engineering of Henan, Zhengzhou 450046
    2 Henan Yellow River Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Xinxiang, Henan 453513
  • Received:2025-01-24 Revised:2025-03-15 Published:2025-09-05 Online:2025-09-16

摘要: 为深入探究小麦新品种‘科兴3302’实现优质高产的分子遗传基础,以‘科兴3302’为试材,借助与品质、矮杆、生长发育以及抗病相关基因的分子标记展开检测。结果显示,‘科兴3302’具备高分子量麦谷蛋白优质亚基组合Ax1G330EBx7+By8Dx5+Dy10,同时拥有低分子量谷蛋白Glu-A1a,且属于非1BL/1RS易位系,这些构成了其优质品质的遗传基础。该品种携带Rht1Rht2Rht8Rht24 4个矮杆基因,是其矮杆抗倒伏、高产稳产的遗传依据。此外,3个隐性春化基因Vrn-A1bVrn-B1bVrn-D1b以及光周期基因不敏感基因Ppd-D1a是‘科兴3302’具备抗寒特性和广泛适应性的遗传因素。同时,‘科兴3302’含有抗黄花叶病毒病的QYm.njau-2D位点以及抗条锈病基因Yr10,这是其高度抵抗黄花叶病毒病和条锈病的遗传基础。‘科兴3302’所包含的品质、矮杆、生长发育和抗病基因,与该品种优质、丰产、抗病的表型相契合,为在分子育种过程中高效利用‘科兴3302’的优异基因奠定了基础。

关键词: 小麦, ‘科兴3302’, 优质, 高产, 分子标记, 遗传基础

Abstract:

The aim is to understand the molecular genetic basis of high quality and high yield of new wheat variety ‘Kexing 3302’. ‘Kexing 3302’ was used as the test material,and molecular markers related to quality, dwarf, growth and development, and disease resistance were used for detection. The results showed that ‘Kexing 3302’contained high molecular weight glutenin subunit combination Ax1G330E, Bx7+By8, Dx5+Dy10, low molecular weight glutenin Glu-A1a, non-1BL /1RS translocation line, which were the genetic basis of high quality; four dwarf genes Rht1, Rht2, Rht8 and Rht24, which were the genetic basis of lodging resistance and high and stable yield of the dwarf; three recessive vernalization genes Vrn-A1b, Vrn-B1b and Vrn-D1b as well as photopericyclic gene insensitivity gene Ppd-D1a, which were the genetic basis of cold resistance and wide adaptability; and QYm.njau-2D locus and anti-stripe rust gene Yr10, which were the genetic basis of high resistance to yellow Mosaic virus and stripe rust disease. The genes of quality, dwarf, growth and disease resistance in ‘Kexing 3302’ were consistent with the phenotype of high quality and yield, disease resistance, laying a foundation for the efficient utilization of the excellent genes of ‘Kexing 3302’ in molecular breeding.

Key words: wheat, ‘Kexing 3302’, high quality, high yield, molecular marker, genetic basis