人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代衍生群体的Rht8基因分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】四倍体小麦与节节麦杂交培育的人工合成小麦已广泛应用于国内外小麦品种改良。通过研究人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代的Rht8基因型，有助于提高分子标记育种效率，也有助于Rht8 基因型的多态性研究，并为人工合成小麦在中国小麦品种改良和分子标记育种中的应用提供依据和方法；【方法】以引自CIMMYT的人工合成小麦分别与中国四川成都平原主栽普通小麦品种杂交、回交的BC2F2:6后代群体中选育的113份优良高代系和川麦38、川麦42、川麦43和川麦47育成品种为材料，采用特异引物的PCR 扩增和改进的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对其Rht8基因型进行了研究；【结果】在以syn768、Syn769、Syn780和Syn786人工合成小麦为亲本的117份后代衍生群体检测材料中，Rht8基因型频率为77.78%。从每一个人工合成小麦形成的小的后代衍生群体看，Rht8基因型频率各不相同。以syn768为亲本的后代衍生群体，Rht8基因型频率最高，为96.70%；在以syn769为亲本而育成的优良高代系和川麦38、川麦42与川麦43育成品种中，Rht8基因型频率最低，为71.64%；以Syn780为亲本的后代衍生群体中，Rht8基因型频率为73.68%，分离比率约为3:1；以Syn786为亲本育成的材料只有川麦47，该品种不含有Rht8该基因；【结论】不论父本或母本的Rht8的基因型状况如何，它们所产生的杂交后代材料Rht8基因的遗传是随机的。

关键词: 叶面积, 叶面积, 测量方法, 回归分析, 图象处理

Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】 Synthetic hexaploid wheats obtained by crossing Aegilops tauschii Coss. (DD) with tetraploid wheats (AABB), containing genetic variability not found in hexaploid wheats, have been widely used for genetic improvement of common wheat. Understanding the distribution of Rht8 gene in synthetic hexaploid wheats × common wheat (Triticum aestivum.L) will be crucial for yield improvement. 【METHOD】 A total of 113 lines from BC2F2:6 three CIMMYT lines and four commercial cultivars by synthetic hexaploid wheats × common wheat crosses were used to detect Rht8 genotype by specific-primer PCR amplification and modified PAGE. 【RESULTS】 The frequency of Rht8 genotype is 77.78% in the detected derived-populations from syn768, syn769, syn780 and syn786 lines. But as for every population from syn768, syn769 and syn780 lines, it was concluded that the frequency is not the same. The frequency of Rht8 genotype of the population from syn768 is 96.70% as the highest one, and the one from syn769 with 71.64% is the lowest, and for the population from syn780, its frequency of Rht8 genotype is 73.68% with a close ratio of 3:1 and the cultivar Chuanmai 47 from syn786 is absent from the gene Rht8. 【CONCLUSION】.The inheritance of the dwarfing gene Rht8 is randomly separated, and the study on Rht8 genotype of progeny from crosses of synthetic hexaploid wheat and common wheat can provide useful information for improving common wheat and introducing cultivars from CIMMYT, and facilitating the analysis of Rht8 genotype polymorphism.

中图分类号:

S512

杨松杰,,王岩军,李俊,刘世贵,杨武云. 人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代衍生群体的Rht8基因分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2007, 23(2): 50-050.

Yang Songjie,, Wang Yanjun, Li Jun, Liu Shigui, Yang Wuyun.. Genetic Performance of Dwarfing Gene Rht8 in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat-Derived Populations[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2007, 23(2): 50-050.

参考文献

[1] Del Blanco I.A., S. Rajaram, W.E. Kronstad et al. Physiological Performance of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat-Derived Populations [J]. Crop Science 2000,40:1257-1263.
[2] 陈锋,夏先春,王德森,等.CIMMYT 人工合成小麦与普通小麦杂交后代籽粒硬度puroindoline 基因等位变异检测.中国农业科学[J],2006,39(3):440-447.
[3] Bonjean, A P, Augus W J. The world wheat book—A history of wheat breeding. Intercept[M], Londres- Paris-New York, 2001.179-186.
[4] McIntosh, R A, Hart G E, Devos K M et al. Catalogue of gene symbols for wheat[M]. In: Proc 9th Int Wheat Genet Symp, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan,Canada 2-7 August 1998, Volume 5, Saskatoon: University Extension Press, Univ. of Saskatchewan, Canada, 1998,5:1-104.
[5] Bai G H, Das M K, Carver B F et al. Covariation for microsatellite marker alleles associated with Rht8 and coleoptile length in winter wheat [J]. Crop Science, 2004, 44: 1187-1194.
[6] B?rner A, Worland A J, Plaschke Jet al. Pleiotropic effects of genes for reduced height (Rht) and day-length insensitivity (Ppd) on yield and its components for wheat genes in middle Europe [J]. Plant Breeding, 1993, 111: 204-216.
[7] B?rner A, Korzun A V, Worland A J. Comparative genetic mapping of loci affecting plant height and development in cereals [J]. Euphytica,1998, 100:245-248.
[8] Gale M D, Youssefian S. Dwarfing genes in wheat [M]. In: Russell G E(ed) Progress in plant breeding. Butterworths and Co.London. 1985,1-35.
[9] Ahmad M, Sorrells M E. Distribution of microsatellite alleles linked to Rht8 dwarfing genes in wheat[J]. Euphytica, 2002,123:235-240.
[10] Korzun V, R?der M S, Ganal M W, at al. Genetic analysis of the dwarfing gene(Rht8) in wheat. Part Ⅰ. Molecular mapping of Rht8 on the short arm of chromosome 2D of bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) [J]. Theor. Appl Genet. 1998 96:1104-1109.
[11] Plaschke J, Ganal M W, R?der M S. Detection of genetic diversity in closely related breed wheat using microsatellite markers [J]. Theor. Appl. Genet. 1995,91:1001-1007.
[12] Worland A J, Korzun V, R?der M S, at al. Genetic analysis of the dwarfing gene Rht8 in wheat. PartⅡ. The distribution and adaptive significance of allelic variants at the Rht8 locus of wheat as revealed by microsatellite screening [J], 1998. Theor Appl Genet, 1998,96:1110-1120.
[13] 周阳,何中虎,张改生,等.用微卫星标记鉴定中国小麦品种中Rht8矮秆基因的分布.作物学报[J],2003,29(6):810-814.
[14] Lu C M, Yang W Y, Zhang W J et al. Identification of SNPs and development of allelec specific PCR markers for high molecular weight glutenin subunit Dtx1.5 from Aegilops tauschii through sequence characterization [J]. Journal of Cereal Science, 2005, 41:13-18.
[15] Pflüger L A, D’Ovidio R, Margiotta B, et al. Lafiandra D. Characterization of high- and low-molecular weight glutenin subunits associated to the D genome of Aegilops tauschii in a collection of synthetic hexaploid wheats[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2001,103:1293-1301.
[16] 杨武云,颜济,杨俊良,等.硬粒小麦-节节麦人工合成种Decoy1/ Aegilops tauschii510抗条锈性状(条中30,条中31)的遗传分析.西南农学报[J],1999,38:39-41.
[17] 张颙,杨武云,胡晓蓉,等.源于硬粒小麦-节节麦人工合成种的高产抗病小麦新品种川麦42主要农艺性状分析.西南农业学报[J],2004,17:141-146.
[18] 张颙,杨武云,郑有良,等.源于硬粒小麦-节节麦人工合成种的小麦新品种川麦38抗条锈性及遗传分析.西南农业学报[J],2006,19(1):14-18.
[19] Sambrook J, Fritsch E F, Maniatis T. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual [M]. Cold Spring-Harbour Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbour, New York, 1989:73-79.
[20] R?der M S, Korzun V, Wendehake K, at al. A microsatellite map of wheat. Genetics [J], 1998,149:2007-2023.