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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (21): 256-261.

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

24种除草剂对空心莲子草的生物活性

高宗军 李美 高兴祥 曹坳程 王秋霞   

  • 收稿日期:2010-03-22 修回日期:2010-05-27 出版日期:2010-11-05 发布日期:2010-11-05
  • 基金资助:

    农业部财政专项“外来入侵生物防控技术研究”

Biological Activity of 24 Herbicides against Alternanthera philoxeroICes (Mart.) Griseb

  • Received:2010-03-22 Revised:2010-05-27 Online:2010-11-05 Published:2010-11-05

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摘要：

采用温室盆栽法，评价了24种除草剂对空心莲子草的防治效果，并对防效较好的药剂进行了室内毒力测定。结果表明，在田间推荐剂量下，有17种药剂对空心莲子草的防效较好，鲜重防效>80.0%。氯氟吡氧乙酸对空心莲子草的室内毒力最高，为20.07 g a.i./ha，草甘膦的最低，为560.79 g a.i./ha，17种药剂的室内毒力由高到低的顺序为：氯氟吡氧乙酸>丙炔氟草胺>苯磺隆>乙氧氟草醚>嗪草酮>麦草畏>氟磺胺草醚>2,4-滴丁酯>硝磺草酮>百草枯>三氟羧草醚>噁草酮>乳氟禾草灵>异丙隆>2甲4氯钠>乙羧氟草醚>草甘膦。综合考虑药剂特性，并对比药剂的田间推荐剂量，氯氟吡氧乙酸、丙炔氟草胺、苯磺隆、乙氧氟草醚、嗪草酮、麦草畏、氟磺胺草醚、2,4-滴丁酯、硝磺草酮、百草枯、三氟羧草醚、异丙隆、2甲4氯钠、草甘膦均可用于田间防除空心莲子草，其中，苯磺隆使用剂量应略高于田间推荐量，其它药剂在田间推荐剂量下即可达到理想的除草效果。

关键词: 抗寒性, 抗寒性, 酶活性, 受冻率, 防冻剂, 风冻效应

Abstract:

Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the control effect of 24 herbicides against Alternanthera philoxeroICes (Mart.) Griseb. The results showed that fresh weight control of 17 herbicides was more than 80.0% at recommended dose, and laboratory toxicity of the 17 herbicides was tested. The toxicity of fluroxypyr was the highest, while that of glyphosate was the lowest, with the IC90 20.07 g a.i./ha and 560.79 g a.i./ha, respectively. The order of laboratory toxicity was fluroxypyr > flumioxazin > tribenuron-methyl > oxyfluorfen > metribuzin > dicamba > fomesafen >2,4-D butylate > mesotrione > paraquat > acifluorfen > oxadiazon > lactofen > isoproturon >MCPA-sodium > fluoroglycofen-ethyl > glyphosate. Based on comprehensive consideration of characteristics and recommended dose of the 17 herbicides, fluroxypyr, flumioxazin, tribenuron-methyl, oxyfluorfen, metribuzin, dicamba, fomesafen, 2,4-D butylate, mesotrione, paraquat, acifluorfen, isoproturon, MCPA-sodium and glyphosate could be used to control Alternanthera philoxeroICes (Mart.) Griseb. Herbicides except tribenuron-methyl could control Alternanthera philoxeroICes (Mart.) Griseb thoroughly at recommended dose, tribenuron-methyl should be applied at a little higher dose than its recommended dose.